Mesenchymal activity

Osteoblasts are the primary cells responsible for bone formation. They are derived from mesenchymal (stromal) cells that first differentiate into pre-osteoblasts and then into mature, bone matrix producing osteoblasts. Inactivated or resting osteoblasts become lining cells and thus a reservoir for bone forming cells to be activated at the next remodelling cycle. Osteoblasts trapped and embedded in the mineralised matrix are called osteocyts, and are important for many properties of living bone. 

Extended biological investigations concerning structure-function studies were further initiated to evaluate the abilities of these clusters to inhibit Con A-induced membrane type-1-matrix metalloproteinase (MTl-MMP)-mediated pro-MMP-2 activation, cell death, and antiproliferative property in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC).83... 

Zhao F, Mayura K, Hutchinson RW, et al. 1995. Developmental toxicity and structure-activity relationships of chlorophenols using human embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells. Toxicol Lett 78 35-42. 

Lee TK, Man K, Poon RT, Lo CM, Yuen AP, Ng 10 et al (2006b). Signal transdncers and activators of transcription 5b activation enhances hepatocellnlar carcinoma aggressiveness through induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cancer Res 66 9948-9956. 

Jaiswal RK, Jaiswal N, Bruder SP, Mbalaviele G, Marshak DR, Pittenger ME. Adult human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to the osteogenic or adipogenic lineage is regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinase. J Biol Chem 2000 275 9645-9652. 

Chung CH, Parker JS, Ely K et al. Gene expression profiles identify epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and activation of nuclear factor-Kb signaling as characteristics of a high-risk head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. CuwcerRe 2006 66 8210-8218. 

PDGF LPS, lectins, zymosan, thrombin coagulation Neutrophil activation, collagen synthesis augmentation, mesenchymal cell proliferation and chemotaxis IL-1, IL-1R, IFN-P, IFN-y, PGE2 Neutrophils, mesenchymal cells... 

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