Intervening with activators

With the development of expert systems, it is possible to think of designing an "advisor" into computer-based instruction - an advisor which will monitor the learner s Activities, intervene with advice when appropriate, answer questions about instructional management, and serve other instructional management functions. But what are the rules which should govern such an advisor And what instructional management activities are best left to a human These are important areas for work in the next decade. 

More progressive MCOs have moved to concurrent DUR, in which a pharmacist can screen for drug incompatibilities, duplicate prescriptions, and other problems before dispensing the medication. Obviously, the prevention of problems or the intervention directly with patients is attractive. While the identification of drug-related problems is vital to managing pharmacotherapy, intervention with the prescriber or patient also is required. The most common approach to intervening with prescribers and patients is through educational activities. 

Fig. 1.29. Mechanism of promoter activation of (/ -dependent genes in procaryotes. The formation of an open, initiation-competent transcription complex for (/ -dependent genes requires the assistance of transcription activators, which bind to their cognate UAS element. Upon loop formation of the intervening DNA sequences, the transcription activator interacts with the (/ -con-taing RNA polymerase bound to the promoter. The activation is accompanied by ATP hydrolysis and leads to the formation of an open complex.

When a given drug intervenes with natural physiological processes, it is more likely to provoke a rebound effect. This can be successfully avoided by its slow input into the blood circulation, which will minimize the counter activity and increase the drug efficacy. This has been demonstrated for furosemide. 

In conformity with the provisions of ASF Circular 67, the Chief, CWS, established a Materiel Planning Branch in April 1944 to compute requirements under the Supply Control System. There was a difference of opinion between the two Assistant Chiefs, CWS, over who should control the work of this branch. General Waitt, Assistant Chief for Field Operations, believed he should have the responsibility because he felt that the determination of requirements should be entirely divorced from procurement and supply activities.General Ditto, Assistant Chief for Materiel, maintained on the other hand, that the requirements function could not be separated from procurement and supply activities and that he should therefore have jurisdiction over the new branch. General Porter intervened with a compromise solution by directing that the Chief of the Materiel... 

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