2-Acrylamide-2-methyl propane-sulfonate copolymer

Homopolymers and copolymers from amido-sulfonic acid or salt containing monomers can be prepared by reactive extrusion, preferably in a twin screw extruder [1660]. The process produces a solid polymer. Copolymers of acrylamide, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, and sodium-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane sulfonate have been proposed to be active as fluid loss agents. Another component of the formulations is the sodium salt of naphthalene formaldehyde sulfonate [207]. The fluid loss additive is mixed with hydraulic cements in suitable amounts. 

Copolymer of 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid [1101]... 

Associative copolymers of acrylamide with N-alkylacrylamides, terpoly-mers of acrylamide, N-decylacrylamide, and sodium-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane sulfonate (NaAMPS), sodium acrylate (NaA), or sodium-3-acrylamido-3-methylbutanoate (NaAMB) have been shown to possess the required rheologic behavior to be suitable for enhanced oil-recovery processes [1184]. 

Zhao, R.B., Yue, X.A., Zhang, H.F., 2005b. Flow behavior of 2-Acrylamide-2-Methyl Propane-Sulfonic acid copolymer solution in porous medium. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA 26 (2), 85-87, 91. 

T. Nonaka, H. Ogawa and H. Egawa, Uphill and selective transport of alkali and alkali earth metal ions through 2,3-epithiopropyl methacrylate-2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid copolymer membranes, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 1990, 41, 2868-2884. 

Acrylamide monomer is a white crystal, available commercially as a 50 wt % aqueous solution. Acrylamide monomer can be polymerized to a very-high-molecular-weight (lO -lO g/mole) homopolymer, copolymer, or terpolymer. Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a nonionic polymer. The anionic polyacrylamide species can be obtained from the hydrolysis of the amide (—CONH ) functional group of the homopolymer, or from the copolymerization of acrylamide with an anionic monomer, such as acrylic acid (AA) or 2-acrylamino 2-methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS). Acrylamide can be copolymerized with a cationic monomer, such as dimethyl diallylammonium chloride (DMDAAC) or acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (AETAC), to form the cationic acrylamide polymer. Acrylamide can simultaneously react with anionic and cationic monomers to form a polyampholyte. The acrylamide homopolymer, copolymers, and terpolymers are synthesized (1-20) by free radicals via solution or emulsion or other polymerization methods. F. A. Adamsky and E. J. Beckman (21) reported the inverse emulsion polymerization of acrylamide in supercritical carbon dioxide. The product classes of acrylamide polymers include liquid, dry, and emulsion. 

Type A copolymers and terpolymers have been prepared by copolymerizing vinyl pyridinium halides with alkali metal salts of sulfonate comonomers including vinylsulfonate, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonate, and p-styrene sulfonate (15-19). Methacrylamidopropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride and p-styrene sulfonate have been terpolymerized with the hydrophilic monomer acrylamide (20,21). Type A copolymers and terpolymers have also been prepared from microemulsions of sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-l-propanesulfonate and [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (22-25). 

Using DBSA as a primary dopant and a copolymer of JV-isopropyl acrylamide (NiPAAm) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-l-propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) poly(NiPAAm-co-AMPS) as a co-dopant, electrically conducting PPy/DBSA/poly(NiPAAm-co-AMPS) composites are chemically synthesized in aqueous medium with APS as the oxidant (Figure 8.49) [94]. The PPy composites were readily dissolved in chloroform with the extra DBSA. The electrical conductivities of the PPy composite free-standing films are in the range of 10 to 5 S/cm and increase with increasing moisture concentration in air due... 

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