Acidification potential

Acidification Potential. The acidification potential of acid releases are expressed in terms of their potential to form relative to SO2. The total impact is defined as the sum of the acidification potential for each released component multiplied by the quantity released. 

Eutrophication Potential. This is the potential to cause over-fertilization of water and soil, which can lead to uncontrolled growth of algae, etc. This value is calculated in a similar way to acidification potential and is expressed relative to P04. Potentials have been established for a number of common emissions including NH4 and NO ,. 

Global Warming Potential. This value is based on known global warming factors for gases such as N2O, CH4 and various organic solvents, expressed relative to CO2. A mass weighted summation is used as for the acidification potential. 

GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions Oil and natural gas depletion for materials manufacture Acidification potential (SO2 releases)... 

Acidification Release of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen (SOx, NOx) Chemical oxidation and deposition of acid compounds Acidic precipitation and lowering of pH in lakes and soils Ecosystem changes and plant/animal death Acidification Potential (AP)... 

Level 3 - Facility environmental and human health effect metrics, which go beyond the quantities of inputs and outputs and look into their potential effects on human health and the environment (e.g., human toxicity potential, global warming potential, acidification potential, and so on) ... 

The first three processes reduce the contribution to the greenhouse effect in comparison to landfilling. All these processes reduce the eutrophication and acidification potential in comparison to landfill. The overall volume of waste produced was found least in the waste incineration. In summary, from an ecological point of view and on the basis of the comparative analysis of feedstock recycling and energy recovery, APME recommends the following recovery processes ... 

Acidification potential (AP) [24,48,49] Emissions to air which cause acid rain NOx, SO2, HCI, HF... 

The acidification potential is given in sulfur dioxide equivalents (S02-Eq.). The acidification potential is described as the ability of certain substances to buUd and release H -ions. Certain emissions can also be considered to have an acidification potential, if the given S-, N-, and halogen atoms are set in proportion to the molecular mass of the emission. In evaluating acidification it should be taken into consideration that although it refers to a global problem, the effects, however, may differ regionally. 

The eutrophication potential is calculated in phosphate-equivalents (P04-Eq). As in the acidification potential one must also be aware of the fact that when it comes to the eutrophication potential, the effects differ regionally. 

Land Acidification potential Photochemical ozone creation potential Human toxicity Eco-toxicity Workplace hazards etc. Index metrics Eco-indicator 99 [37] GSK s FLASC score [38] BASF s eco-efficiency fingerprint [39]... 

Figure 9.9 Acidification potential for 1000 kg of cotton fabric (a) knitwear (b) woven pants.

Acidification potential (AP) is a consequence of adds being emitted to tbe atmosphere and subsequently deposited in surface soils and waters. AP classification factors are mainly based on the contributions of SO2, NOx, HCl, NH3 and HF and expressed as SO2 equivalent. 

Material flows with acidification potential Material flows with eutrophication potential... 

Eutrophication and Acidification Eutrophication potential comprise airborne and waterborne emissions of nitrogen and phosphor compounds that promote excessive plant growth (Fig. 13.27). Acidification potential takes into account emissions of some nitrogen and sulfur compounds, hydrogen fluoride, and other... 

Figure 13.28. Influence of different plastics recycling routes on the acidification potential [10],...

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