Acid nordihydroguaiaretic, antioxidant

Norbornene-ethene copolymer, 16 113 Norbornene-ethylene copolymers, 20 433 physical properties of, 20 420-422 Norbornenodiazetine derivatives, 13 306 Nordel IP (metallocene), 7 637 Nordihydroguaiaretic acid, antioxidant useful in cosmetics, 7 830t Nordstrandite, 2 421, 425 activation, 2 394 classification, 2 422 decomposition sequence, 2 392 from gelatinous boehmite, 2 427 structural properties of, 2 423t NO-reduction reactions, TWC catalyst, 10 49... 

LT026 Gonzalez-Coloma, A., C. S. Wisdom, and P. W. Rundel. Ozone impact on the antioxidant nordihydroguaiaretic acid content in the external leaf resin of Larrea tridentata. Biochem Syst Ecol... 

Abbot, J. and Waite, R. 1962. The effect of antioxidants on the keeping quality of whole milk powder. I. Flavones, gallates, butylhydroxyanisole and nordihydroguaiaretic acid. J. Dairy Res. 29, 55-61. 

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid Antioxidant (lard) Larrea divaricata... 

Simple lignans involving a Phe-C -C -Phe structure are illustrated by the antioxidant and Ca2+ channel blocker nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)-CH2-(3, 4 -dihydroxyphenyl)), the bitter-tasting phyllanthin and the cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor ar-hinokiresinol. Simple lignans of the C3—Phe—Phe—C3 kind are illustrated by the antibacterials honokiol and the protein kinase inhibitor magnolol. 

PG) [benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxypropyl ester 121-79-9], although listed with the other antioxidants in 1973, is now listed in 184.1660 as an antioxidant with a maximum level of 0.015% in food. Ethoxy quin (EMQ) [quinoline, 6-ethoxy-l,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethyl 91-53-2] has been used in animal feeds and the carry-over in animals is limited to 5 ppm. EMQ is allowed in paprika and chili powder at 100 ppm. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), allowed prior to 1968, is now illegal and foods containing it are deemed adulterated. 

The use of common antioxidants, such as water-soluble sodium bisulfate, sodium sulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium thiosulfate, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, L- and D-ascorbic acid, acetylcysteine, cysteine, thioglycerol, thioglycollic acid, thiolactic acid, thiourea, dithithreitol or oil-soluble propyl gallate, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, ascorbyl palmitate, nordihydroguaiaretic add, and a-tocopherol is widely made in pharmaceutical formulations. Oxygen-sensitive substances should be screened for their compatibility with a range of antioxidants. One of the most commonly used antioxidants is metabisulfite. It should be noted that bisulfite has also been known to catalyze... 

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), purportedly the active constituent of chaparral, was first isolated in 1945 (Waller and Gisvold, 1945). NDGA was used as a food antioxidant from 1945 to 1967, in products such as lards, oils, candies, baking mixes, frozen foods, vitamins, and pharmaceuticals at levels of 0.01-0.02% (Smart et al., 1969). 

Robison T, Sevanian A, Forman H. Inhibition of arachidonic acid release by nordihydroguaiaretic acid and its antioxidant action in rat alveolar macrophages and Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1990 105 113-22. 

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) (60) is found in large quantities in Larrea divaricata (creosote bush, Zygophylla-ceae), a plant that is extremely abundant in the Chihuahuan, Sonoran, and Mojave deserts, as well as in southern South America. This compound was widely used in the food industry for several years as an antioxidant, but its use has recently been restricted. NDGA possesses light-activated toxicity (Downum, 1992). 

The simple lignan nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) from chaparral Larrea tridentata (Zygophyllaceae) is a potent antioxidant. 

HPO lyase was purified to a homogeneous state from immature fruits of green bell pepper (Shibata et al 1995a). It was deduced to be a homo-trimer of 55-kDa subunits. The activity was considerably inhibited by lipophilic antioxidants such as nordihydroguaiaretic acid and a-tocopherol. Furthermore, HPO lyase was rapidly and irreversibly inactivated... 

Oliveto, E. P. Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid. A Naturally Occurring Antioxidant. Chem. and Ind. 1972, 677. 

Other widely used type of food additives is the synthetic antioxidant group in which compounds such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), tertiary butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), 2,4,5-trihydroxybutyrophenone (THBP), di-tertbutyl-4-hydroxymethylphenol (IONOX-100), propyl gallate (PG), octyl gallate (OG), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR), 2-naphthol (2NL), 4-phenylphenol (OPP), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-DA) are included. 

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