Acetic anhydride iodine

To determine the exact peroxide content of benzoyl peroxide (and of other organic peroxides) the following procedure may be employed. Place about 0 05 g. of the sample of peroxide in a glass-stoppered conical flask add 5-10 ml. of acetic anhydride (A.R. or other pure grade) and 1 g. of powdered sodium iodide. Swirl the mixture to dissolve the sodium iodide and allow the solution to stand for 5-20 minutes. Add 50-75 ml. of water, shake the mixture vigorously for about 30 seconds, and titrate the liberated iodine with standard sodium thiosulphate solution using starch as indicator. 

Nitration of > -hydroxyben2oic acid with filming nitric acid in the presence of sulfuric acid and acetic anhydride gives a mixture of the 2-nitro [602-00-6] and 4-nitro [619-14-7] substitution products. Bromination and iodination yield the 4-halogenated derivatives (4-bromo [14348-38-0] and 4-iodo [58123-77-6]). When > -hydroxyben2oic acid is treated with formalin in the presence of hydrochloric acid, 4-hydroxyphthahde [13161 -32-5] is obtained as shown in equation (10). 

Manufacture of 2-acetylthiophenes involves direct reaction of thiophene or alkylthiophene with acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride. Preferred systems use acetic anhydride and have involved iodine or orthophosphoric acid as catalysts. The former catalyst leads to simpler workup, but has the disadvantage of leading to a higher level of 3-isomer in the product. Processes claiming very low levels of 3-isomer operate with catalysts that are proprietary, though levels of less than 0.5% are not easily attained. 

Aromatic Ring Reactions. In the presence of an iodine catalyst chlorination of benzyl chloride yields a mixture consisting mostly of the ortho and para compounds. With strong Lewis acid catalysts such as ferric chloride, chlorination is accompanied by self-condensation. Nitration of benzyl chloride with nitric acid in acetic anhydride gives an isomeric mixture containing about 33% ortho, 15% meta, and 52% para isomers (27) with benzal chloride, a mixture containing 23% ortho, 34% meta, and 43% para nitrobenzal chlorides is obtained. 

Phenyl isothiocyanate has been prepared from thiocarbanilide by the action of phosphorus pentoxide, hydrochloric acid, iodine, phosphoric acid, acetic anhydride, and nitrous acid. It has also been prepared from ammonium phenyl dithiocarbamate by the action of ethyl chlorocarbonate, copper sulfate lead carbonate, lead nitrate, ferrous sulfate,and zinc sulfate. ... 

However, treatment of cortisone 3,20-bissemicarbazone with acetic anhydride and pyridine removes the 20-semicarbazone group preferentially. Selective removal of a protecting group can be also achieved by a selective reaction to give a new intermediate which can be converted into the desired product ketone. Thus progesterone 20-monoenol acetate (42) is prepared from the 3,20-bisenol acetate (40) via selective electrophilic attack of iodine at C-6 followed by reductive dehalogenation of (41). ... 

Derivatives of Methylene Violet 6 possessing long aliphatic chains are obtained by oxidative coupling of 3-acetoxyphenothiazine with a secondary amine in the presence of an oxidant such as iodine. The oxidative coupling of phenothiazine with amine is well known but in this case the reaction does not stop there but proceeds further at reflux temperatures to the phenothiazinone 74.9 Reduction of the latter dye and treatment with acetic anhydride yields the ballasted phenothiazine 6. Reaction of 75 with the dye chloroformate 70 yields the ballasted leuco dye developer 76. 

The kinetics of the acid-catalyzed esterification reaction of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoic acid in i-PrOH under microwave irradiation have been investigated [84], A simple and practical technique for MW-assisted synthesis of esters has been reported wherein the reactions are conducted either on solid mineral supports or by using a phase transfer catalyst (PTC) in the absence of organic solvents [85], The esterification of enols with acetic anhydride and iodine has also been recorded [86],... 

Ethyl sulfate Flammable liquids Fluorine Formamide Freon 113 Glycerol Oxidizing materials, water Ammonium nitrate, chromic acid, the halogens, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid Isolate from everything only lead and nickel resist prolonged attack Iodine, pyridine, sulfur trioxide Aluminum, barium, lithium, samarium, NaK alloy, titanium Acetic anhydride, hypochlorites, chromium(VI) oxide, perchlorates, alkali peroxides, sodium hydride... 

Thus the autoxidation of the aldehydes leads finally to acids. That a per-acid is first formed can be very easily shown in the case of acetaldehyde by the immediate liberation of iodine from potassium iodide solution which is caused hy this strong oxidising agent. In the case of benzaldehyde, which combines exceptionally rapidly with oxygen, it has been possible to trap the per-acid with acetic anhydride as benzoyl-acetyl peroxide (Nef) ... 

Propionylation (EtCOCl/SnCl4/CS2) of thienothiophene 2 readily gives (in 88% yield) 2-propionylthieno[3,2-i]thiophene. With acetic anhydride and traces of iodine, 2 yields 2-acetylthieno[3,2-6]thiophene (50%). The latter was also prepared by acetyl chloride treatment of the monomercury compound produced by mercuration (HgClj) of thienothiophene 2. ... 

Aluminum foil, Iodine powder. Carbon disulfide, 1,4,6,9-Tetrabromodiamantane, Sodium bisulfite. Hydrochloric acid. Methanol, Acetonitrile, Acetone, Sodium hydroxide. Magnesium sulfate. Potassium permanganate. Toluene Methylene chloride, 2-Bromomethanol, Trioxane, Aluminum chloride. Magnesium sulfate, Nitroform, Acetone, Sodium bicarbonate. Hexane, Silver nitrate. Acetonitrile 1,2-Dichloroethane, HexamethyldisUane, Iodine, Cyclohexane, 1,3-Dioxolane, Nitroform, Methylene chloride, Dimethylformamide, Sodium sulfate. Hydrochloric acid. Magnesium sulfate. Nitric acid. Sulfuric acid Sulfuryl chloride. Acetic anhydride. Nitric acid. Sodium bicarbonate. Sodium sulfate Nitric acid. Sulfuric acid, Malonamide Nitric acid. Sulfuric acid, Cyanoacetic acid Sulfuric acid, Acetasalicyclic acid. Potassium nitrate Nitroform, Diethyl ether, 1-Bromo-l-nitroethane, Sodium sulfuate... 

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