Reactions acetic acid

Solution A was prepared by dissolving potassium acetate in methanol Solution B was pre pared by adding potassium methoxide to acetic acid Reaction of methyl iodide either with solu tion A or with solution B gave the same major product Why" What was this product" ... 

The second step is the Hquid-phase ketene and acetic acid reaction... 

Acetic acid, reaction with bicyclo[2.2,1]-hepta-2,5-diene, 45, 74 reaction with dibenzyl ketone, 47, 54... 

Vicinal iodo carboxylates may also be prepared from the reaction of olefins either with iodine and potassium iodate in acetic acid/ or with N-iodosuccinimide and a carboxylic acid in chloroform. " A number of new procedures for effecting the hydroxylation or acyloxylation of olefins in a manner similar to the Prevost or Woodward-Prevost reactions include the following iodo acetoxylation with iodine and potassium chlorate in acetic acid followed by acetolysis with potassium acetate reaction with iV-bromoacetamide and silver acetate in acetic acid reaction with thallium(III) acetate in acetic acid and reaction with iodine tris(trifluoroacetate) in pentane. ... 

When following the original route [1] to 3-hydroxythietane-1,1-dioxide, it is essential to dilute and evaporate the hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid reaction mixture slowly from a large dish, to prevent explosions arising from concentration of peroxyacetic acid [2], Alternative routes to avoid this hazard are available [3,4], See Peroxyacetic acid... 

Ti/Zr reaction time Acetic acid amount Acetic acid reaction time Solution Concentration Pb dissolution temperature Refluxing... 

In a similar manner, coccinelline (99) and precoccinelline (100) have been synthesized from 2,6-lutidine (351) (336,450). Thus, treatment of the monolithium derivative (153) of 351 with P-bromopropionaldehyde dimethylacetal gave an acetal, which was converted to the keto acetal (412) by treatment with phenyllithium and acetonitrile. Reaction of 412 with ethylene glycol and p-toluenesulfonic acid followed by reduction with sodium-isoamyl alcohol gave the cw-piperidine (413). Hydrolysis of 413 with 5% HCl gave the tricyclic acetal (414) which was transformed to a separable 1 1 mixture of the ketones (415 and 416) by treatment with pyrrolidine-acetic acid. Reaction of ketone 416 with methyllithium followed by dehydration with thionyl chloride afforded the rather unstable olefin (417) which on catalytic hydrogenation over platinum oxide in methanol gave precoccinelline (100). Oxidation of 100 with m-chloroperbenzoic acid yielded coccinelline (99) (Scheme 52) (336,450). 

Methanol, acetic acid, reaction intermediates and catalyst components are involved in several pathways that are controlled by complex equilibria. ... 

Figure 7 High pressure Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic data. Catalyst precursor RuaCCO) Rh(C0)2acac, EtgN (Ru Rh Et3N 10 1 10) in glacial acetic acid. Reaction conditions (a) 750 atm, 100°C, (b) 850 atm, 175°C, (c) 880 atm, 200°C...

A second and more recent example, the photochemical rearrangement of 4,4-diphenylcyclohexadienone (VIII), was provided by the present author and co-workers (4, 5,14). This compound (VIII) when photolyzed in aqueous dioxane with light of wavelength above 310 mp. was found (4, 5) to afford the bicyclic ketone IX, 2,3-diphenylphenol (X) and an acid whose structure was shown (14) to correspond to XI. Additionally, 3,4-diphenylphenol (XII) was shown (14) to be a minor by-product. Strikingly and reminiscent of the dependence of product distribution on solvent in santonin photolysis, it was found (14) that approximately equal quantities of 3,4-diphenylphenol and 2,3-diphenylphenol (X) were formed when the photolysis was run in 50% aqueous acetic acid. [Control experiments (14) demonstrated that neither 4,4-diphenylcyclohexadienone nor bicyclic ketone IX were reactive in the dark under the aqueous dioxane or aqueous acetic acid reaction conditions, in the presence or absence of acid XI.] Furthermore, the bicyclic ketone IX has been demonstrated to afford 2,3-diphenylphenol (X) and the photoacid XI on photolysis in aqueous dioxane, and consequently this ketone may be formulated as a reaction intermediate in the formation of X and XI from 4,4-diphenylcyclohexadienone (VIII) (4, 5, 14). 

Winstein and Traylor27 showed that under the above conditions, that is with an excess of acetic acid, reaction (19) follows kinetics first-order in dialkylmercury their reported first-order rate coefficients are collected in Table 5. Relative rates of acetolyses at 25 °C are thus ... 

These may be prepared from a primary amine by reaction with phthalic anhydride. The general procedure described in Section 9.6.21, p. 1276 uses glacial acetic acid reaction conditions using chloroform as the solvent medium have been reported.235 Deprotection using hydrazine is described in Expt 5.198. 

Also isolated from the acetic acid reaction is K[Tc2(OAc)4C12], the structure of which shows a distinctly longer Tc-Tc bond distance of 2.1260(5) A, with two axial chlorides at 2.589(1) A 167c). The effective magnetic moment for the three acetate dimers is 1.78 0.05 BM and the EPR spectra are consistent with the unpaired electron equally shared by the two Tc centers in the 5 (blu) antibonding molecular orbital (168,169). 

The enzymatic reactions of AChE-ChOx bienzyme biosensor consist of AChE-catalyzed hydrolysis of ACh into choline and acetic acid [reaction (4)] and oxidation reaction... 

---