Acenaphthene toxicity

Knobloch, K., Szedzikowski, S., and Slnsarcyk-Zablobona. Acute and subacute toxicity of acenaphthene and acenaphthylene. 

Eaust, R. A. 1994. Toxicity summary of acenaphthene. Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN. 

Treatment of cherry-mazzard hybrid seeds with acenaphthene powder for 10 h inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth. Treatment of Allium cepa root meristem cells with acenaphthene vapor for 12-96 h caused anomalies leading to random development of cells. Acute toxicity value for bluegill fish was 1700 in freshwater and the toxicity... 

No acute, or chronic oral MRLs were derived for PAHs because there are no adequate human or animal dose-response data available that identify threshold levels for appropriate noncancer health effects. Serious reproductive and developmental effects in animals associated with acute oral exposure to PAHs have been reported. These are not appropriate end points for the derivation of an MRL. Noncancer effects noted in longer term oral toxicity studies in animals include increased liver weight (generally not considered to be adverse) and aplastic anemia (a serious effect), neither of which is an appropriate end point for the derivation of an MRL. Intermediate-duration oral MRLs were derived for acenaphthene. anthracene, fluoranthene, and fluorene. 

General Provisions Toxic pollutants under Sec. 307(a) of the CWA (Acenaphthene, f1uoranthene)... 

Definition of total toxic organic (TTO) (all PAHs, excluding acenaphthene)... 

Our expert system is the only predictive software available based on the LSER model. This system also represents the first total codification of the rules and fragment contribution values for synthesis of the four parameter values. Previous publications have either listed partial guidelines for specific classes (27. 28) or have alluded to them (7. 13-17. 27-41). Table III demonstrates the predictive ability of the software for both the LSER parameters and contaminant toxicity. The LSER parameter values are composed from a sum of the contributions from each of the fragments, and the predicted values are generally close to the values composed by hand. For some compounds (such as acenaphthene), the values for 7T, 0, and a may not be accurately represented by a simple sum of fragment variable... 

Limited uptake of some creosote constituents has been detected in plants exposed to creosote-treated wood in nearby soil. Only 0.04% of applied acenaphthene and 0.1% of phenanthrene partitioned to plant tissue in one study (Gile et al. 1982). While systemic uptake may be minimal, such coal tar creosote components as PAHs can adsorb to plant roots or surfaces. This seems a common way that vegetables or other produce for human consumption can pick up trace amounts of creosote materials (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 1995). 

At the Koppers Company, Inc. NPL site in Texarkana, Texas, where a creosote wood treatment facility existed for 51 years prior to being converted to a residential area and an industrial site (sand and gravel company), creosote-derived naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, pyrene, and phenanthrene were measured in ground water at levels ranging from nondetectable to 105 ppb (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 1994). Surface water at the site had no detectable levels of the acid or base/neutral compounds that were monitored. 

---