Accuracy Error

A solvent free, fast and environmentally friendly near infrared-based methodology was developed for the determination and quality control of 11 pesticides in commercially available formulations. This methodology was based on the direct measurement of the diffuse reflectance spectra of solid samples inside glass vials and a multivariate calibration model to determine the active principle concentration in agrochemicals. The proposed PLS model was made using 11 known commercial and 22 doped samples (11 under and 11 over dosed) for calibration and 22 different formulations as the validation set. For Buprofezin, Chlorsulfuron, Cyromazine, Daminozide, Diuron and Iprodione determination, the information in the spectral range between 1618 and 2630 nm of the reflectance spectra was employed. On the other hand, for Bensulfuron, Fenoxycarb, Metalaxyl, Procymidone and Tricyclazole determination, the first order derivative spectra in the range between 1618 and 2630 nm was used. In both cases, a linear remove correction was applied. Mean accuracy errors between 0.5 and 3.1% were obtained for the validation set. 

All obsidian samples were analyzed as unmodified samples they were washed in the field. Each sample was placed in the sample chamber with the flattest part of the surface facing the x-ray beam. All samples were at least 3 cm in length with varying widths and thicknesses. The width of the sample did not produce errors when comparing obsidian artifact to potential obsidian source. Accuracy errors result from inaccuracies of the regression model, statistical error of the calibration spectra, inaccuracy of the intensity of the calibration curve and the energy calibration. When the error is taken into account, the relative analytical uncertainty for this project is less than seven percent with this portable XRF unit (26) ... 

The uncertainty in the heat of formation was calculated by taking the square root of sum of the squares of the precision error, the accuracy error, and the calibration error. The precision error reflects the reproducibility of the experiments and was taken as twice the standard deviation of the mean. The accuracy error (systematic errors) was obtained by estimating the effect of the various factors on the reaction (such as purity of reactants and limits of error involved in the analyses). This error was estimated to be about 1%. 

Table III Correlations of Accuracy (% Error) of Determination for Individual Amino Acids with Analysis Method...

An important consideration in numerical modeling is control of the accuracy. Errors in modeling, in general, are caused by errors of three types ... 

We were gratified by the excellent precision that student were able to attain. By the FAA spectroscopy experiment, over 90% of the students had less than five per cent error on their calibration curves. However, we were disappointed and puzzled by the poor results these same students had in their accuracy. Only 40% of the students were within the target of < 10% error on their reference material and over 34% of the students had over 20% error. We suspected that accuracy errors stemmed from the quantitative transfer of a solid and a solution, the only skill unique to the accuracy work. We confirmed our suspicions by designing a laboratory practical to investigate quantitative analysis skills. 

In contrast, the literature methods for downcomer fiooding have poor accuracy. Error bands for correlation results show poor results. Proprietary methods, including the FRI and TZF methods, give excellent results but are not generally available. ... 

Today, most mass spectrometers used for protein analysis can achieve mass accuracy errors of +0.01% = +100 ppm. A mass accuracy of 10 ppm means that one could measure a 1000-amu peptide to 0.01 amu. For a 10,000-amu protein, one could measure the m/z to +0.1 amu. This mass accuracy error is considered excellent. 

Review of 10% samples for all the listed elements review holding times, blank contamination, precision, accuracy, error determination, detection limits, and confirmed identification for the remaining 90%. 

To measure the film thickness of the plug the same image processing routine (as explained in Sect. 3.5.2) has been developed. The film thickness was then obtained from Eq. (3.5.1) with a pixel accuracy (error 2-5 %) by subtracting the width of the plug (Wp) from the channel diameter (ID) and dividing by two (see Fig. 3.11). 

But because the voltage error due to jitter is 31 mV, the accuracy error is 13 LSB... 

Lastly, we define relative efficiency method A is said to have a relative efficiency x with respect to method B if B takes x times the cpu time required by method A, to arrive at a given accuracy (error). When... 

Accuracy Errors for excitation energies should be < 0.1-0.2 eV, transition moments should be accurate to within 20-30% and the sign (direction) of the moment should be correct. 

Perturbation methods In general, second-order multireference PT methods can be recommended for excited-state problems. They usually show very good accuracy (errors < 0.2 eV, excitation energies are systematically underestimated) and they can be applied to a wide variety of states and problems. However, MRPT methods are not black-box and careful checks of the technical details like the size of reference space, choice of orbitals, and so on, must be done. These methods require a lot of user... 

The next step of Whirlpool was to push their forecasting capability in the global supply chain further by implementing CPHi process. With CPFR the company can use i2 software supported by a web-based network to share their forecasts with trading partners (such as Wal-Mart and Sears) and collaborate on the exceptions. Within 30 days of the launch of CPFR the forecast accuracy error was cut from 100 to 45 per cent. To put in perspective, a one-point improvement in forecast accuracy across the board reduced the total finished goods position of the company by several million dollars. 

When a motor carrier receives its roadside inspection report or a copy of a crash report, they should review if for accuracy. Errors that are caught before the information is entered into the system should be addressed via the state motor carrier office. This is probably true of accidents occurring and recorded by local law enforcement. The accidents are ultimately forwarded to the state motor carrier office for entry into the Motor Carrier Management Information System (MCMIS). 

Execution time timers measure the amount of time that a single task (or group of tasks or interrupt routine) uses and notifies a handler if that time is exceeded. Under our proposal, the execution of a tasklet is reflected in the budget of its task. The overhead of managing the parallel update of the budget may make this unfeasible, except if larger quanta are used or budget updates are not immediate (which may lead to accuracy errors). Specific per core quanta may be used to address this issue. 

Single Digit Accuracy Error Rate per Digit m Superiority a m Maximum Digit Content V max Biological Examples... 

All positions, determined in whatever way, have errors, both systematic and random. This is due to the fact that every observation is subject to an error some of these errors are smaller, some are larger. Also, the mathematical models from which the positions are computed are not always completely known or properly described. Thus, when we speak about positions in geodesy, we always mention the accuracy/error that accompanies it. How are these errors expressed ... 

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