Acceptability and Ownership of Risk

Finally, the business cases that drive those projects are becoming more conservative. Pay-as-you-go approaches can keep the risks low investment in new projects occurs only if the previous projects cover the costs. Even though CRM projects can become quite lengthy (three to five years), pay-as-you-go ensures budget stability and enhances organizational acceptance and ownership of the implemented solutions. 

Importantly there is a distinction between liability, risk acceptability and ownership. Liability is a complex area and determined by the nuances of commercial... 

Other applications include car rental, shared-car ownership or public transport -these transfer the risk of ownership of a vehicle with a new propulsion system away from the private person. Once established, these niche applications can help to raise the profile of the new technology, increase public acceptance and provide opportunities for feedback that can lead to technology improvement. Once their commercial viability in the niche market has been proved, the vehicles can expand into wider markets. Particularly suitable for introducing hydrogen (or other alternative fuels) are buses, fleet vehicles and rental vehicles (Smith, 2001). 

This chapter highlights the important aspects of the analytical transfer processes as they relate to process, compliance, analytical data, and documentation. Types of method transfers and the timeline of transfer activities are discussed. The risk assessment prior to initiation of transfer activities is also described. The chapter describes content and utility of the transfer protocol and final report, as well as documents that govern analytical method transfers (i.e., SOPs and master plan). The importance of selecting appropriate method transfer acceptance criteria and use of statistical methods to evaluate results are described. The significance of the inclusion of an adequate level of detail in the methods, protocol(s), and other documents cannot be overly stressed. Last of all, the process for transfer of technical ownership of the analytical methods is discussed. Other chapters in this text should be consulted for elaboration on the various important facets of technical transfer, including method development, method validation, documentation, and stability. 

Teams of employees feel ownership for safety, and take responsibility for themselves and others. People do not accept low standards and risk taking. They actively converse with others to understand their point of view. They believe true improvement can only be achieved as a group, and that zero injuries are an attainable goal. 

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