Academia experience required

The ACS Committee on Analytical Reagents is comprised of some 15 members from academia, government, and industry (both manufacturers and users of reagents) and meets twice a year at the ACS headquarters in Washington, D.C. Throughout the year other work is carried out by correspondence. Requirements and details of tests are based on pubHshed work, on the experience of committee members in the examination of reagent chemicals, and on studies of test procedures made by committee members. 

More examples could be drawn, if not limited by the length of this chapter, as the field is rapidly developing. To facilitate its faster success, a much higher level of cooperation between the theory, electrochemical experiments (also in the nanoscale range [187, 188, 210]), and modified stack testing is vital. Such cooperation, however, requires a different level of openness between academia and industry, than exists in the current gold rush atmosphere of PEFC/DMFC research and development. 

In conclusion, a fundamental understanding of CFB hydrodynamics continues to lag behind commercial operating experience. Although CFB provides considerable advantages of operational flexibility, concerns about operational complexity and scale-up hinder commercialization of heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Concentrated research in the areas of gas-solid contact in the entry region, effect of internals, riser diameter, and solid fines content is required. The continued interaction between academia and industry, as seen in the four international conferences of CFB technology, will be necessary to further optimize commercial operations but also to further develop revolutionary industrial processes. 

Many chemists involved in college and university teaching and research have spent their whole career in academia and have had no experience with or understanding of the modern safety requirements of the industrial world. For example, most are unfamiliar with the use of the MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets) and do not read them. The requirements of OSHA (Occupational Safety Health Act) and other regulatory agencies impacted the non-academic workplace... 

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