Abuse modeling

Kim G-H, Pesaran A, Spotnitz R (2007) A thiee-dimtaisithermal abuse model for lithium-... 

An abuse model requires (i) materials (mass) balance for the exothermic side reactions, (ii) estimation of the reaction parameters (e.g., heat of reaction) from experimental measurements such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and accelerated rate calorimetry (ARC), (iii) devising the kinetic expressions of the reactions, and (iv) incorporation of the thermal behavior due to these reactions in the energy balance equation (e.g., in terms of volumetric source terms). Specifically, the thermal energy conservation equation is duly modified to include the additional heat generation effects to reflect the specific abuse behavior in terms of heat generation due to side reaction kinetics and/or joule heating. The thermal boundary condition may also include radiative heat transfer to the ambient air. 

R. (2007) A three-dimensional thermal abuse model for lithium-ion cells. J. Power Sources, 170 (2), 476-489. 

Benzodiazepines and similar agents occupy a position of intermediate abuse potential, compared with most other sedative-hypnotics (Griffiths and Weerts 1997). Animal models of abuse habihty indicate that the reinforcing effects of benzodiazepines are less pronounced than are those of the barbiturates, opioids, and stimulants. Differences in abuse potential within the class have not been consistently demonstrated however, most chnicians agree that benzodiazepines with a rapid onset and short duration of action pose the greatest risk in susceptible individuals. 

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Fuxe K, Andersson K, Nilsen OG, et al Toluene and telencephalic dopamine selective reduction of amine mrnover in discrete DA nerve terminal systems of the anterior caudate nucleus by low concentrations of toluene. Toxicol Lett 12 115—123,1982 Cause EM, Mendez V, Geller I Exploratory smdies of a rodent model for inhalant abuse. Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol 7 143—148, 1985 Gentry JR, Hill C, Malcolm R New anticonvulsants a review of applications for the management of substance abuse disorders. Ann Clin Psychiatry 14 233—245, 2002 Gerasimov MR, Ferrieri RA, Schiffer WK, et al Smdy of brain uptake and biodistribution of [llCjtoluene in non-human primates and mice. Life Sci 70 2811 — 2828, 2002... 

Bent, H. A. (1984). Uses (and abuses) of models in teaching chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education, 61(9), 774-777. 

Weber RJ, Gomez-Flores R, Smith JE, Martin TJ (2004) Immune, neuroendocrine, and somatic alterations in animal models of human heroin abuse. J Neuroimmunol 147(1-2) 134-137... 

Dobrenis K, Makman MH, Stefano GB (1995) Occurrence of the opiate alkaloid-selective p. receptor in mammahan microglia, astrocytes and Kupffer cells. Brain Res 686 239-248 Donahoe RM (2004) Multiple ways that drug abuse might influence AIDS progression clues from a monkey model. J Neuroimmunol 147 28-32... 

Utesch RC, Weir FW, Bruckner JV. 1981. Development of an animal model of solvent abuse for use in evaluation of extreme trichloroethylene inhalation. Toxicology 19 169-182. 

Zhan C-G (2006) Modeling Reaction Mechanism of Cocaine Hydrolysis and Rational Drug Design for Therapeutic Treatment of Cocaine Abuse. 4 107-159 Zuccato C, see Gambari R (2007) 9 265-276... 

Born in February, 1980, Cathy s daughter Kelly never had a chance at a normal life her abuse started just as early as her mothers. A Lt. Col. Michael Aquino used many NASA bases as a site for further conditioning O Brien as a Presidential Model. After the basic programming would be completed, O Brien and later her daughter Kelly, would be sent to what was called " Charm School," in Youngstown, Ohio. ... 

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