Absorber vertical

Figure 3.6. The relationship between concentration (horizontal axis) and a secondary variable, e.g. absorbance, (vertical axis) can often be expressed as a straight line with a slope bi and an offset b0.

If modified whiskers are dissolved in organic solvent, the alkyl chains of OTS will spread into an organic solvent and absorb vertically on the surface of whiskers, as shown in Figure 3.13. 

The measurement set is prepared by uniformly placing a certain amount of a superabsorbent polymer (Mfg on a fine mesh screen located at the bottom of the cylinder. This set Is placed on a glass filter on which a wet filter paper is placed In such a way that there Is no liquid pressure present. The weight ratio of the water absorbed per unit sample can be obtained as a function of time from the reduction of the absorbate (IVo 9) snd Wq. In this case, the liquid is only absorbed vertically and this absorption is the so-called weight ratio under the applied pressure. 

Absorbance Vertical coordinate used for infrared spectra that is equal to the log of the reciprocal of the sample transmittance. 

The burner is mounted on an adjustable stage that allows the entire burner assembly to move horizontally and vertically. Horizontal adjustment is necessary to ensure that the flame is aligned with the instrument s optical path. Vertical adjustments are needed to adjust the height within the flame from which absorbance is... 

In the one-stage process (Fig. 2), ethylene, oxygen, and recycle gas are directed to a vertical reactor for contact with the catalyst solution under slight pressure. The water evaporated during the reaction absorbs the heat evolved, and make-up water is fed as necessary to maintain the desired catalyst concentration. The gases are water-scmbbed and the resulting acetaldehyde solution is fed to a distUlation column. The tad-gas from the scmbber is recycled to the reactor. Inert materials are eliminated from the recycle gas in a bleed-stream which flows to an auxdiary reactor for additional ethylene conversion. 

Wet/dry process. Lime slurry absorbs SO2 in vertical spray dryer forming CaSO —CaS, H2O evaporated before droplets reach... 

In the case of HCl absorption, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger often is employed as a cooled wetted-waU vertical-column absorber so that the exothermic heat of reaction can be removed continuously as it is released into the liquid film. 

The more volatile (i.e., less soluble) components will be only partially absorbed even though the effluent liquid becomes completely saturated with respecd to these lighter substances. When a condition of saturation exists, the value of will remain finite even for an infinite number of plates or transfer units. This can be seen in Fig. 14-9, in which the asymptotes become vertical for values of greater... 

The ocean is an integral part of the climate system. It contains almost 96% of the water in the Earth s biosphere and is the dominant source of water vapour for the atmosphere. It covers 71% of the planet s surface and has a heat capacity more than four times that of the atmosphere. With more than 97% of solar radiation being absorbed that falls on the surface from incident angles less than 50" from the vertical, it is the main store of energy within the climate system. 

Outside air entering the space through openings near the ground spreads over the floor and absorbs energy from the floor surface. The resulting air temperature increase leads to buoyancy and forces the air up into the upper hall zone. This results in a temperature stratification in the hall. Due to this vertical temperature gradient, the air in the occupied zone does not reach the exhaust air temperature (see Fig. 11.37). 

In a trayed absorber the amine falls from one tray to the one below in the same manner as the liquid in a condensate stabilizer (Chapter 6, Figure 6-4). It flows across the tray and over a weir before flowing into the next downcomer. The gas bubbles up through the liquid and creates a froth that must be separated from the gas before it reaches the underside of the next tray. For preliminary design, a tray spacing of 24 in. and a minimum diameter capable of separating 150 to 200 micron droplets (using the equations developed in Volume 1 for gas capacity of a vertical separator) can be assumed. The size of packed towers must be obtained from manufacturer s published literature. 

It is important that combustion of the coke in the spent catalyst occur in the dense bed of catalyst. Without the catalyst bed to absorb this heat of combustion, the dilute phase and flue gas temperatures increase rapidly. This phenomenon is called afterburning. It is critical that spent catalyst and combustion/lift air are being introduced into the regenerator as evenly as possible across the catalyst bed. It is also important to note that vertical mixing is much faster than lateral mixing. 

Ammonia is absorbed at 1 bar from an ammonia-air stream by passing it up a vertical tube, down which dilute sulphuric acid is flowing. The following laboratory data are available ... 

Fig. 6-2 Comparison of infrared absorbance of a vertical column of atmospheric CO2 and H2O vapor. The nearly total absorbance by H2O between 5 and 7 /

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