Abelson, Philip

Glavitsch, Hans, "Computer Control of Electric-Power Systems", Scientific American, Vol. 231, No. 5, November 1974, Page 34 Kalhammer, Fritz R. "Energy Storage Systems", Scientific American, Vol. 241, No. 6, December 1979, Page 56 Abelson, Philip H., "Reliability of Electric Service", Science, Vol. 245, No. 4919, August 18, 1989, Page 689... 

Editors, Bare Mountains, Poor people . The Economist, Vol. 361, No. 8246, November 3,2001, Page 24 Abelson, Philip H., "Applications of Fuel Cells", Science, Vol. 248, No. 4962, June 22,1990, Page 1469... 

Abelson, Philip Ha use (1913-2004) American physical chemist who developed a massive gas diffusion apparatus for the separation of the fissionable uranium-235 isotope from the natural mixture, which was almost all uranium-238. This was an early stage in the production of the first atomic bomb. Abelson also assisted in the creation of the manufactured element neptunium, the first element heavier than uranium. Later he worked with Stanley Miller to try to show in the laboratory how life might have originated on Earth. 

Neptunium (Np, [Rn]5/46 /l7.v2), name and symbol after the planet Neptune. Discovered (1940, Berkeley) by Edwin M. McMillan and Philip H. Abelson. Silvery metal. 

Neptunium - the atomic niunber is 93 and the chemical symbol is Np. The name derives from the planet Neptune (the Roman god of the sea), since it is the next outer-most planet beyond the planet uranus in the solar system and this element is the next one beyond uranium in the periodic table.lt was first synthesized by Edwin M. McMillan and Philip H. Abelson in 1940 via the nuclear reaction n, y) U P = p. The longest half-life associated with this mistable... 

Neptunium Np 1940 (Berkeley, California) Edwin McMillan and Philip Abelson (both American) 316... 

In the spring of 1940 Philip Abelson came to Berkeley for a short vacation. He had been a graduate student in the Radiation Laboratory at the time when fission was announced, and was now at the Carnegie Institution of Washington, where, unknown to McMillan, he had also begun to work on the 2.3-day substance. When McMillan and Abelson discovered their mutual interest, they decided to work together on the problem (51). They soon established the fact that the substance could exist in a reduced and an oxidized state, with valences of four and six, like uranium, which it resembled also in other respects. Using these... 

Edwin McMillan and Philip Abelson obtain the first transuranium element, neptunium (element 93), by bombardment of uranium with neutrons. 

But when chemist Philip Abelson joined McMillan in 1940, he quickly proved that eka-rhenium was indeed a new element, with properties similar to uranium. McMillan named it neptunium , after Neptune, the next planet out from Uranus. It was the start of a voyage into the outer reaches of the Periodic Table. ... 

Fermi s pile turned out to be a plant which efficiently manufactured a new element in large quantities. This element is plutonium. It is a brand new man-made chemical element which fissons just as easily as U-235. The story of the birth of this synthetic element goes back to a day in May, 1940, when two men using Lawrence s cyclotron at Berkeley, California, bombarded uranium with neutron bullets. The two men were Edwin M. McMillan and Philip H. Abelson. After the bombardment of U-238 they detected traces of a new element, heavier than uranium. This new element, No. 93, was named neptunium by McMillan. It was a very difficult element to study, for its life span was very short. It threw out neutrons immediately and in a split second was no longer neptunium. 

In 1940, a pair of physicists at the University of California, Berkeley, were studying this problem. Edwin M. McMillan (1907—1991) and Philip H. Abelson (1913—2004) reported finding evidence of element number 93. They suggested naming it neptunium, in honor of the planet Neptune. (Uranium, the element before neptunium, had been named for the planet Uranus.)... 

In 1940, American physicists Edwin McMillan (1907—1991) and Philip Abelson (1913—2004) discovered the first transuranium element, neptunium (atomic number 93). The neptunium they produced was radioactive. They predicted it would break down to form a new element, atomic number 94. But McMillan and Abelson were called away to do research on the atomic bomb. They suggested to a colleague, Glenn Seaborg (1912-1999), that he continue their research on neptunium. 

Edwin M. McMillan and Philip H. Abelson prepare neptunium. 

In 1940, element 93 was discovered, or created, depending on how experimental research is described. The Berkeley team of Edwin McMillan (1907-1991) and Philip Abelson (1913-2004) bombarded uranium foil with neutrons and found that one of the fission products lasted for 2.3 days before naturally decaying. This did not match with known elements, and they suspected it was a new element. With 2.3 days to conduct tests, they were able to test oxidation states and positively identify that it was unique. The name neptunium was suggested because the planet Neptune was beyond Uranus. 

The name comes from Neptunus, the Latin name for the god of the sea, but it was named after the planet Neptune, which had recently been discovered. The element was first prepared in 1940 by Edwin M. McMillan and Philip Abelson at the Berkeley Laboratory of the University of California. They irradiated uranium with neutrons to create the new element. Neptunium does not exist in nature and is primarily of scientific interest. It is used in neutron detection equipment. 

The discovery of an element with an atomic number higher than 92 came in 1940 as the result of the work of Edwin M. McMillan, now director of the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory, and Philip H. Abelson. They bombarded uranium with neutrons and made the first positive identification of element 93. This production of the first transuranium element will be described here by Dr. McMillan, who shared the 1951 Nobel Prize in chemistry with Dr. Seaborg for this and related discoveries. 

Neptunium was discovered by the U.S. physicists Edwin M. McMillan and Philip Abelson, in 1940, via the bombardment of with neutrons. The name of the element is related to the planet Neptune. Neptunium-237 occurs as a product of fission, and appears in uranium fuel elements. 

In 1940, Edwin M. McMillan (1907-91) and Philip H. Abelson (1913-2004), working in Berkeley, bombarded uranium with cyclotron-produced neutrons, producing element 93, neptunium (Np). Neptunium was the first transuranium element to be reported. It is one beyond uranium in atomic number, hence the name, after the planet Neptune which is the one beyond Uranus. In the same year Glenn T. Seaborg (1912-99) and others in the Berkeley group discovered element 94, plutonium (Pu). Its potential for nuclear fission was soon apparent and the discovery was only... 

The potential of the trust factor has just been tested. In many ways the Council for Chemical Research is still in its infancy, still an experiment. CCR s full impact is still to be realized. If we are to effectively meet the challenge of remaining, as Philip Abelson puts it, "tops in chemistry," we need to continue to build on the trust factor. The uniqueness of CCR s structure and the focus of its mission places the Council for Chemical Research in a singular position among scientific organizations. 

As noted by Philip Abelson in an editorial in the July 20, 1990, issue of Science ... 

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