A synthase

Acyl-coenzyme A Synthase [from beef liver] [9013-18-7] 57,000, [EC 6.2.1.2]. 

In bacteria, each step in fatty-acid sjmthesis is catalyzed by separate enzymes. In vertebrates, however, fatty-acid synthesis is catalyzed by a large, multienzyme complex called a synthase that contains two identical subunits of 2505 amino acids each and catalyzes all steps in the pathway. An overview of fatty-acid biosynthesis is shown in Figure 29.5. 

Mononuclear Ni complexes have been investigated as functional models for individual steps of the reactions mediated by the CODH/acetyl coenzyme A synthase.2018-2020 These are mentioned in the respective sections on mononuclear Ni complexes. The dinuclear type (770) complexes are... 

Fig. 2a-d. Multiple alignment of primary structures from 36 PHA synthases. A comparison of amino acid sequences derived from PH A synthase genes is shown. Amino acids are specified by the standard one-letter abbreviations. The consensus sequence represents amino acid residues (shaded) which are present in at least 50% of the PHA synthases. Highly conserved amino acids, which are present in at least 70% of the PHA synthases, are additionally underlined in the consensus sequence and the eight amino acid residues, which are present in all PHA synthases, are indicated as bold letters. See Table 1 for references... 

A synthase is an enzyme that makes something but doesn t directly require the hydrolysis of ATP to do it. A synthetase requires the hydrolysis of ATP to make the reaction go. 

Hegg, E.L. (2004) Unravelling the structure and mechanism of acetyl-coenzyme A synthase, Acc. Chem. Res., 37, 775-783. 

MolI14.19c ForZ 482 7951 Fmsl4 glycyl-N-formimidoyltransferase Fl-FTM-A synthase... 

THROMBOXANE A SYNTHASE THYMIDINE 2 -HYDROXYLASE THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE TIGHT-BINDING INHIBITOR KINETICS HENDERSON PLOT Tight-binding inhibitors,... 

Many natural products are constrained by macrocyclic motifs, which are often essenhal for natural products to possess the desired biological properties. In the biosynthesis of macrocyclic NRPs and PKs, linear peptides or PKs are often mac-rocyclized by a TE domain located at the C-terminal of multi-modular synthases. For example, in the biosynthesis of the antibiotic tyrocidine A (Tyc A), a linear enzyme-bound decapephde, which is transferred from the last carrier protein (or thiolahon) domain of the Tyc A synthase, is cyclized by an intramolecular Sn2 reachon between the N-terminal amine nucleophile and the C-terminal ester, which is covalently linked to serine residual in the TE domain prior to macro-cyclization (Scheme 7.9) ([35] and references therein). 

Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase inhibition. Seed oil, administered intragastrically to rats at a dose of 2 mL/kg, was active k Hydrogen peroxide release inhibition. Seed oil, administered to rats at a concentration of 8% of diet, was active on macrophages. Capsaicin or curcumin enhanced the effect° h... 

Acetyl-coenzyme A Synthase see Acyl-coenzyme A Synthase (below). 

Related to the monosaccharides is the hexahydroxy-cyclohexane myo-inositol (Eq. 20-2). This cyditol, which is apparently present universally within cells (Fig. 11-9), can be formed from glucose-6-P according to Eq. 20-2 using a synthase that contains bound... 

The binding of interferons to their receptors induces a rapid increase in the transcription of particular genes and synthesis of corresponding proteins.196 202 One of the proteins induced is a double-stranded RNA-activated 2 -5 A synthase, which polymerizes ATP to a series of 2 -5 linked oligonucleotides containing triphosphates at the 5 termini.202-204 Double-stranded RNA is uncommon except in replicating viruses, and it is thought that the activation by dsRNA is related to establishment of an antiviral state. Another interferon-induced enzyme is the small subunit of eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor eIF-2. 

In the absence of F0, the F[ is an ATPase, known as the FrATPase, and not a synthase. The rotation of the y subunit has been demonstrated in the ATPase reaction. The most graphic example is in Figure 10.19.94 The a3f3 yt components were attached to a Ni2+-coated glass surface at the opposite side from the normal attachment to a membrane by adding a Ni2+-binding sequence (His10) at the... 

---