A-Methylformamide

Ga, In(Ga), Tl(Ga), and Hg in A-methylformamide + NaC104 solutions have been studied by the impedance method.359 The capacitance of the electrical double-layer for all electrodes in the frequency range 200 Hz < v < 5000 Hz was independent of v. The values of Ea=Q were usually... 

Dynamic light-scattering experiments or the analysis of some physicochemical properties have shown that finite amounts of formamide, A-methylformamide, AA-dimethyl-formamide, ethylene glycol, glycerol, acetonitrile, methanol, and 1,2 propanediol can be entrapped within the micellar core of AOT-reversed micelles [33-36], The encapsulation of formamide and A-methylformamide nanoclusters in AOT-reversed micelles involves a significant breakage of the H-bond network characterizing their structure in the pure state. Moreover, from solvation dynamics measurements it was deduced that the intramicellar formamide is nearly completely immobilized [34,35],... 

Aminophenylazobenzene, 3487 Azobenzene (Diphenyldiazene), 3483 2,2 -Azobis(2-amidiniopropane) chloride, 3089 2,2 -Azobis(2-amidiniopropane) peroxodisulfate, 3091 2,2 -Azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 3668 Azo-A-chloroformamidine, 0792 2,2 -Azo-3,5-dinitropyridine, 3238 Azoformaldoxime, 0815 Azoformamide, 0816 Azoisobutyronitrile, 3011 2,2 -Azoisovaleronitrile, 3345 Azomethane, 0910 Azo-A-methylformamide, 1601 Azo-A-nitroformamidine, 0825 3,3 -Azo-(l-nitro-l,2,4-triazole), 1401... 

Dansyl-amino acids P Double reciprocal 60 nonaqueous CE (A-methylformamide), 17-correction... 

Formamidc has been found to be a very suitable solvent for fluoride displacement reactions on optically active substrates leading to more reduced racemization that is in comparison to other aprotic solvents like tetramethylene sulfone, l,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2(l/7)-one etc.146 Formamide has a high polarizability favoring SN2 reactions and a high polarity147 rendering potassium fluoride sufficiently soluble in the reaction mixture. Although the reaction rate is reduced, the less polar solvents A-methylformamide, acetamide or A-methyl-acetamide can also be used as solvents for the reaction. 

R. Ludwig, F. Weinhold, and T. C. Farrar. Theoretical study of hydrogen bonding in liquid and gaseous A-methylformamide. J. Chem. Phys. 107, 499-507 (1997). 

The nucleophilic reaction between two uncharged partners is strongly dependent on the polarity of the solvent (69CRVI), as exemplified by the reaction between 4-nitrofluorobenzene and piperidine (63MI1) which is — 10 times faster in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), DMF. or N-methylpyr-rolidone than in benzene and is furthermore base catalyzed by the piperidine (63M1I 64CB3277). As mentioned in Section 1II,B, polar solvents such as A-methylformamide, DMF, A-methylpyrrolidone or HMPA can also serve as reactants in special cases to transform nitrogen heterocycles... 

Conditions normally suitable for Leuckart-Wallach reductive amination (90 % formic acid and A-methylformamide at 170 °C) converted 4-azacholest-5-en-3-one (144) into the 5a-saturated lactam (145). A 17-oxo-group was simultaneously converted into the 17j8-A-methylformamido-derivative. 

For many purposes the commercial reagent-grade DMF, dried with molecular sieves, can be used DMF decomposes on distillation at atmospheric pressure. The most convenient way to purify DMF is probably to let it pass through a column [358] of alumina (e.g., ICN Alumina N-Super I). Other methods involve drying (CUSO4 [367], which also removes amines), azeotropic distillation with benzene, or percolation through molecular sieves [368] followed by fractional distillation at reduced pressure. DMF is difficult to obtain in an anhydrous form, but for most purposes a small water content is not critical. An impurity of A-methylformamide may act as a proton donor or otherwise interfere in the follow-up reactions [369]. DMF should be stored in the dark under nitrogen. The different purification methods have been compared and discussed [370]. 

Other organic amides, such as formamide, A-methylformamide, A-methylaceta-mide, and tetramethylurea, have been investigated as solvents for electrochemical use primarily due to their high dielectric constant none of them, however, seem to offer distinct advantages over DMF or NMP and in some respects they are inferior. N,N-Dimethylacetamide may be purified by destination in vacuum [374]. 

The organic solvents are applied in many cases in order to enhance the separation selectivity by changing the effective mobilities of the analytes. They are either applied as pure solvents, or as nonaqueous mixtures, or as constituents of mixed aqueous-organic systems. Solvents used for CE, as described in the literature, are methanol, ethanol, propanol, acetonitrile, tetrahydro-furan, formamide, A -methylformamide, A, A -di-methylformamide, A, A -dimethylacetamide, dimethyl-sulfoxide, acetone, ethylacetate, and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol. 

Water Methanol Ethylene glycol Form amide Acetamide A-Methylformamide A-Methylacetamide Acetonitrile A,A-Dimethylformamide A,A-Dimethylacetamide Dimethyl sulfoxide Ethanol n-Propanol i-Propanol n-Bntanol lert-Bntanol Acetone Dioxane Tetrahydrofuran... 

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