Zirconium oxide fluorides

Hexafluorozirconic acid [12021 -95-3]], H2ZrP, is formed by dissolving freshly prepared oxide, fluoride, or carbonate of zirconium in aqueous HP. This acid is produced commercially in a concentration range of 10 to 47%. The acid can be stored at ambient temperatures in polyethylene or Teflon containers... 

Zirconium tetrafluoride [7783-64-4] is used in some fluoride-based glasses. These glasses are the first chemically and mechanically stable bulk glasses to have continuous high transparency from the near uv to the mid-k (0.3—6 -lm) (117—118). Zirconium oxide and tetrachloride have use as catalysts (119), and zirconium sulfate is used in preparing a nickel catalyst for the hydrogenation of vegetable oil. Zirconium 2-ethyIhexanoate [22464-99-9] is used with cobalt driers to replace lead compounds as driers in oil-based and alkyd paints (see Driers and metallic soaps). 

Due to the above requirements, typical optically-transparent materials, such as oxides (glass, quartz, alumina, zirconium oxide etc.) and halides (sodium chloride, lithium fluoride, calcium fluoride, potassium bromide, cesium bromide etc.) are usually unsuitable for use with fluoride melts. Therefore, no standard procedure exists at present for the spectral investigation of fluoride melts, and an original apparatus must be created especially for each particular case. 

In addition to the antimony fluorides, silver, mercury, thallium, aluminium, zinc, zirconium, chromium and other fluorides [7] such as mercury(II) fluoride, vanadium pentafluoride [24] and various transition metal oxide fluorides [25] have been used in exchange processes, although much less widely. 

In this procedure, magnesium oxide is used to remove the hydrofluoric acid formed in the hydrolysis. Hydrous zirconium phosphate is then used to remove the resulting magnesium ion, and hydrous zirconium oxide is used to remove the last trace of fluoride, as well as any phosphoric acid resulting from hydrolysis of the zirconium phosphate. 

The material discovered by Klaproth was not a pure element. Instead, it was a compound of zirconium and oxygen, zirconium oxide (Zr02). The pure metal was not produced until 1824 when Swedish chemist Jons Jakob Berzelius (1779—1848) made fairly pure zirconium. He made the metal by heating a mixture of potassium and potassium zirconium fluoride (ZrK2p6) ... 

Fig. 1 Protein separation on fluoride modified zirconium oxide. A linear gradient of 0-0.75 M Na2S04 in 100 mM NaF and 20 mM MBS at pH 5.5 was used. Flow-rate was 0.5 mL/min at 35. Protein loadings were 4.4 pg lysozyme, 15.4 pg oc-chymotrypsin, 13.6 pg myoglobin and 15.4 pg cytochrome c. (From Ref. [12].)...

Blackwell, J.A. Carr, P.W. Study of the fluoride adsorption characteristics of porous microparticulate zirconium-oxide. J. Chromatogr. 1991, 549, 43-57. 

Ultraflltraiion membranes are commonly asymmetric (skinned) polymeric membranes prepared by the phase inversion process. Materials commercially made into membranes include cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, polysulfone. aramids, polyvinylidene fluoride, and nctylonitrile polymers and copolymers. Inorganic meni-braues of hydrous zirconium oxide deposited on a tubular carbon backing are also commercially available. 

The RM device consists of a high-index substrate ( 1 mm thick lead glass, = 1.72825), a thin low-index spacer (about 1000 nm of magnesium fluoride or silica) and a very thin monomode waveguiding layer (about 100 nm of titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide or silicon nitride). It can be used to monitor re-... 

Zirconium dioxide. See Zirconium oxide Zirconium fluoride Zirconium (IV) fluoride. See Zirconium tetrafluoride Zirconium hydride... 

Tape, tube, and washers made of virgin fluorocarbon polymers can be used to prevent the galvanic coupling. Avoid insulated materials made of reprocessed fluorocarbon polymers, since free hydrofluoric acid may be formed from released fluoride ions. Properly oxidized zirconium or Zircaloy materials can also be used for this purpose. Zirconium oxide is an excellent insulating material. 

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