Zero minimal pollutant emission

In the last 15 years, intense academic and industrial research efforts have focused on PEMFCs due to the promising commercialization and mass production. In response to the rapid depletion of fossil fuels, PEMFC use alternative and renewable energy for zero minimal pollutant emission (Figure 35.1). Both hydrogen... 

The terms of zero emission, zero discharge, cleaner production, waste minimization, pollution prevention, design for environment, material substitution, and dematerialization are all closely related, and each is self-explanatory. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), and other national and international organizations at different periods of time have promoted each [8,19,23,30-34,39-46]. 

Zero emission, decarbonization, waste minimization, and pollution prevention ... 

The United Nations Industrial Development Organization [39-41] and Ausubel and Sladovich [4] emphasize the importance of cleaner production, pollution prevention, waste minimization, sustainable development, zero emission, materials substimtion, dematerialization, decarbonization, functional economic analysis, and IE indicators. These ways and means for analysis and design of industrial ecology are described separately herein. 

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