Modulus, Young

Youngs modulus (E) Consistent Varies with load... 

The stiffness of a plastic is expressed in terms of a modulus of elasticity. Most values of elastic modulus quoted in technical literature represent the slope of a tangent to the stress-strain curve at the origin (see Fig. 1.6). This is often referred to as Youngs modulus, E, but it should be remembered that for a plastic this will not be a constant and, as mentioned earlier, is only useful for quality... 

A common feature of the three PTEB samples is that the yield stress decreases as the drawing temperature increases (Table 2), whereas it does not change significantly with the strain rate. The Young modulus does not change with the strain rate but it decreases and the break strain increases as the drawing temperature increases. The main conclusion is that the behavior of PTEB-RT is intermediate between the other two samples, with the advantage of a considerable increase in the modulus in relation to sample PTEB-Q and without much decrease in the break strain (Table 2). 

Fiber Density (g/cm- ) Elongation (%) Tensile strength (MPa) Youngs modulus (GPa) Reference... 

Figure 20 Influence of fiber content by volume on tensile strength. Youngs modulus, work of fracture, and interlaminate shear strength of one-dimensional jute fiber-reinforced UP resins [63].

AR = resistance variation in n F = gage factor L = load in lb E = Young modulus A = sub cross-section or area in in. 

Here E is Young modulus. Comparison with Equation (3.95) clearly shows that the parameter k, usually called spring stiffness, is inversely proportional to its length. Sometimes k is also called the elastic constant but it may easily cause confusion because of its dependence on length. By definition, Hooke s law is valid when there is a linear relationship between the stress and the strain. Equation (3.97). For instance, if /q = 0.1 m then an extension (/ — /q) cannot usually exceed 1 mm. After this introduction let us write down the condition when all elements of the system mass-spring are at the rest (equilibrium) ... 

Young modulus, harmonic function outside a geoid... 

Currey, J.D. (1998) The effect of porosity and mineral-content on the Youngs modulus of elasticity of compact-bone. Journal of Biomechanics, 21, 131-139. 

The contact force between two particles is now determined by only five parameters normal and tangential spring stiffness kn and kt, the coefficient of normal and tangential restitution e and et, and the friction coefficient /if. In principle, kn and k, are related to the Young modulus and Poisson ratio of the solid material however, in practice their value must be chosen much smaller, otherwise the time step of the integration needs to become unpractically small. The values for kn and k, are thus mainly determined by computational efficiency and not by the material properties. More on this point is given in the Section III.B.7 on efficiency issues. So, finally we are left with three collision parameters e, et, and which are typical for the type of particle to be modeled. 

Youngs modulus increased significantly after a dose of 500 kGy, but increased only slightly more at higher doses, as can be seen in Table IV. The increase is attributed to the radiation... 

Youngs modulus (kpsi) (machine direction (MD) 1 mil film)... 

Most polymers are applied either as elastomers or as solids. Here, their mechanical properties are the predominant characteristics quantities like the elasticity modulus (Young modulus) E, the shear modulus G, and the temperature-and frequency dependences thereof are of special interest when a material is selected for an application. The mechanical properties of polymers sometimes follow rules which are quite different from those of non-polymeric materials. For example, most polymers do not follow a sudden mechanical load immediately but rather yield slowly, i.e., the deformation increases with time ( retardation ). If the shape of a polymeric item is changed suddenly, the initially high internal stress decreases slowly ( relaxation ). Finally, when an external force (an enforced deformation) is applied to a polymeric material which changes over time with constant (sinus-like) frequency, a phase shift is observed between the force (deformation) and the deformation (internal stress). Therefore, mechanic modules of polymers have to be expressed as complex quantities (see Sect. 2.3.5). 

The critical Young modulus for the pillars to withstand capillary drainage is given by [81] ... 

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