Yersinia, pathogens

The low calcium response (Lcr) plasmid of approximately 75 kilobase (kb), which is homologous in Y pestis and the other two Yersinia pathogens, Y pseudotuberculosis and Y enterocolitica, encodes for several secreted proteins, including Yersinia outer-membrane proteins (Yops), necessary for viru-... 

Waage, A. S. Vardund, T. Lund, V. Kapperud, G. Detection of low numbers of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in environmental water and sewage samples by nested polymerase chain reaction. J. Appl. Microbiol. 1999, 87, 814-821. 

Alvisi et al. [21] open label adults acute diarrhea or bacterial superinfection of intestinal inflammatory diseases 1 Yersinia 2 patients with no pathogen various nonclassic enteric flora1 20 800 mg (5-10 days) NA NA NA... 

Some bacteria possess uptake systems of all the ABC types mentioned in this chapter. For example, the pathogenic microbe H. influenzae is able to sequester iron via siderophore-type systems, ferric iron systems, and metal-type systems. Similarly, strains of Yersinia use multiple routes to take up iron bound to siderophores (e.g. yersiniabactin) and haem, as well as unliganded iron by the ferric-iron-type Yfu system and the metal-type Yfe system. No iron-uptake systems of the ABC transporter type were identified in the genomes of Mycoplasma genitalium and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. In contrast, among the 19 ABC transporters of the related species Ureaplasma urealyticum six presumed different Fe3+ and/or haem transporters were identified [228]. 

Yersinia enterocolitica Proliferation in gut associated lymphoid tissue (facultative intracellular pathogen)(heat stable enterotoxin, LPS, invasin, attachment/invasion protein adhesion Ail) Bacillus cereus Emetic toxin (vomiting) Enterotoxins (diarrheal illness) ... 

The causative bacteria in the intestinal tract may be Salmonella typhimurium. Shigella flexneri. Shigella sonnei, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter lari, Chlamidia trachomatis. Yersinia ente-rocolitica. Staphylococcus aureus, Hafnia alvei or the protozoan pathogen Cryptosporidium. 

After aflatoxin contamination, perhaps the next most important factor that has a negative effect on human health and food quality is the presence of food borne bacteria. Several routes for reduction of the risk are currently under extensive investigation. One such means of risk reduction is the utilization of ionizing radiation treatments on meat food products. Ionizing radiation has been demonstrated to be an effective method to reduce or eliminate several species of food borne human pathogens such as Salmonella, Campylobacter, Listeria, Trichinella, and Yersinia Chapter 23). If proper processing conditions are used, it is possible to produce high quality, shelf-stable, commercially sterile muscle foods. 

Lavermicocca, P., Valerio, F., Lonigro, S. L., Di Leo, A., and Visconti, A. (2008). Antagonistic activity of potential probiotic Lactobacilli against the ureolytic pathogen Yersinia enter-ocolitica. Curr. Microbiol. 56(2), 175-181. 

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