Yeast mating types

Shepherd, J. C. W., McGinnis, W., Carrasco, A. E., DeRoberts, E. M., and Gehring, W. J. (1984). Fly and frog homeodomain show homologies with yeast mating type regulatory proteins. Nature 310 70-71. 

Shore, D., Squire, M. and Nasmyth, K.A. (1984) Characterization of two genes required for the position-effect control of yeast mating-type genes. The EMBO Journal, 3, 2817-2823. 

Yeast Mating-Type Switching Depends upon Asymmetric Cell Division... 

Herskowitz I., Rine J. Strathem J.N. (1992) Mating-type determination and mating-type interconversion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In The Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. vol. 2, Gene Expression (eds E.W. Jones, J.R. Pringle J.R. Broach), pp. 583-656. Cold Spring Harbor, NY Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. 

Yeast cells can exist as haploids of opposite mating types (either a or a). When an a and an a cell are allowed to mate, they form a diploid cell (a/a). To study interactions between two proteins, cDNA sequences of a protein of interest (PT1) are expressed as a fusion protein, linked to a DNA-binding domain (DBD) of a yeast gene-transcript activator in a haploid cell (e.g., a). cDNA sequences corresponding to another test protein (PT2) are linked to the Continued on next page)... 

Mating-type switch (yeast) HO endonuclease, Nonreciprocal Alternative expression of two... 

RAD52 protein, other proteins/MAf gene conversion mating types of yeast, a and a, creates cells of different mating types that can mate and undergo meiosis. 

Some other transposons. Transposons have a variety of biological functions. For example, haploid cells of the yeast S. cerevisiae exist as one of two mating types a or a. The mating type is established by transposition of one of two "cassettes" of genes from two different "silent" locations to a location from which they can be expressed.623 624 See Chapter 28. 

Sexual conjugation in yeast is also induced by pheromones (mating factors).325-327 Yeast cells of mating type a synthesize the 12-residue mating factor a which contains a C-terminal cysteine methyl ester S-alkylated with a frans,frans-farnesyl group (Table 30-5). Cells of type a synthesize a 13-residue factor ol 327a Cells are attracted to the pheromone produced by cells of the opposite type. The tremerogens, sex hormones of certain basidiomycetes, have related structures (Table 30-5)328... 

Mating Type Is Determined by Transposable Elements in Yeast... 

Yeast has two haploid cell mating types MATa (or simply a) and MATa (or a) on contact, haploid cells of opposite mating types fuse to form a single diploid ala) cell. Diploid cells can grow and divide indefinitely as diploid cells, or they can sporulate, a process in which they undergo mei-osis and give rise to two a and two a cells for each diploid cell. The haploid mating type is determined by specific sequences at the MAT locus (fig. 31.5). These sequences are found at the HMLa or HMRa loci, where they are usually not expressed. When the sequences stored at the HMLa locus are transposed to MAT, they express similarly when sequences are transposed from HMRa to MAT, they express. 

An important question remaining is how does a single genetic locus determine the haploid yeast cell mating type Haploid cells that carry MATa behave as a cells similarly... 

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