Wound dirty

The Study of the Efficacy of Nosocomial Infection Control (SENIC) identified four independent risk factors for postoperative wound infections operations on the abdomen, operations lasting more than 2 hours, contaminated or dirty wound classification, and at least three medical diagnoses. Patients with at least two SENIC risk factors who undergo clean surgical procedures have an increased risk of developing surgical wound infections and should receive antimicrobial prophylaxis. 

In the collection areas tragacanth is produced by a process of regular, systematic, artificial incisions which is called tapping. Tapping must be done carefully to avoid possible injurious effects that may lessen the productivity of the shrubs. Each plant can be tapped in its first year and alternate years thereafter, but will not yield good gum in two successive years (S). Usually the root is exposed to a depth of 2 inches, incision is made with a sharp knife, and a small wedge is then forced into the wound to allow more rapid extrusion. Sometimes the plants are burned at the top after incisions are made. This is supposed to increase the yield, but such gum is a very inferior grade of a dirty reddish color. 

Surgical tapes are intended to minimize necrosis, scar tissue formation, problems of stitch abscesses, and weakened tissues. The problems with surgical tapes are similar to those experienced with traditional skin tapes. These include (1) misaligned wound edges, (2) poor adhesion due to moisture or dirty wounds, and (3) late separation of tapes when hematoma or wound drainage occur. 

Cellulose acetate, one of the earlier materials exploited in water depuration, is usually produced in flat sheets suitable to be arranged in spiral wound modules. Cellulose acetate-based membranes are cheap and present high resistance to chlorine and high stability to dirty water but they show lower permeability and are less tolerant of organic solvents than other materials. 

If the wound is dirty, rinse it under clean running water. Clean the skin around the wound and apply a plaster, pulling the skin together. 

Treatment areas must be divided into dirty and clean with a decontamination step between them. An attempt should be made to divert T3, or walking wounded, casualties to a separate area for decontamination and later treatment. 

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