Worldwide initiatives Cells

Initially, researchers focused on studies of non-enzymic flavor formation (3,4). More recently, a renaissance of investigations of biogenesis of plant aromas is evident. The reasons for this new trend are obvious. Worldwide, an increasing quantity of natural flavors is required, and - as the natural sources are no longer sufficient - new ways of production are needed, e.g., plant cell or tissue cultures, microorganisms or enzymes (5,6). At present, these efforts are rather limited, since only a few experimentally demonstrated biogenetic pathways are known for plant volatiles (1,2). 

In addition to bone marrow and peripheral blood, hematopoietic stem cells are also found in umbihcal cord blood (UCB). UCB is an attractive source for several reasons. Because the stem cells are collected from placental blood, there is no risk to the mother or the baby. There is also very low risk of hansmissible infectious diseases such as cytomegalovhus and Epstein-Barr virus. In addition, the cells are available immediately because the donor does not have to be located and harvested. Initially, UCB was obtained from sibhngs but now recipients of transplants from unrelated donors accountfor almost all patients who receive UCB transplants. It is estimated that more than 2,000 unrelated UCB transplants have been performed worldwide. ... 

Cisplatin was introduced into clinical practice in 1971 (only some five years after the initial discovery of its cell-killing properties), and the less toxic analogue, carboplatin, in 1981. To date, carboplatin is the only platinum analogue to have received worldwide registration. Comparative clinical properties of cisplatin and carboplatin are summarised in Table 1. 

---