World Medical Association Human Experimentation

The Declaration of Geneva of the World Medical Association binds the physician with the words the health of my patient will be my first consideration, and the International Code of Medical Ethics declares that medical progress is based on research, which ultimately must rest in part on experimentation involving human subjects. In medical research on human subjects, considerations related to the well being of the human subject should take precedence over the interests of science and society. ... 

For more than 50 years, scientists, physicians, bioethi-cists, and the media have focused on a variety of issues in research with human subjects, or clinical research. In 1948, in response to the atrocities perpetrated by Nazi experimentation, the Nuremberg Code was developed to set forth guidelines for the acceptable conduct of scientific research. In 1964 the World Medical Association adopted the Declaration of Helsinki, which specifically guides physicians in biomedical research. These documents specify basic moral guidelines ultimately founded on concerns for autonomy, beneficence, and justice. The guidelines require the following ... 

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