World drug sales

The situation is not different in the pharmaceutical world, where marketing strategies are developed on the basis of expectations of their effects on drug sales, market penetration, perceived quality, etc. Such strategies are often the product of implicit mental models, and are effective when they have their desired impact. But mental models are difficult to communicate, impossible to analyze or quantify, and hard to prioritize. As such, they often result in suboptimal decisions when it comes to strategy development and brand planning. 

Can this separation be made Is there any connection between the use of a price for pharmaceutical products in a given country and the level of R D in that country Fora country like country U whose purchases constitute a very large share of the world drug market, the connection is obvious the buying decisions of a major player obviously affect local drug companies as well as those elsewhere. For a smaller country, like country T, the connection is less obvious R D often would be undertaken based on expected global sales, primarily in other countries, and the level of local sales need not appreciably... 

The heavy reliance on an increasingly consolidated and highly competitive multinational drug industry to generate new medicines has left the development of medicines subject to market forces. As a result the developing world, which accounts for 80 per cent of the world s population, represents barely 20 per cent of drug sales (Trouiller et al. 2001). 

Eiserer T. 1999. 2 Plead Guilty in Fraudulent Drug Sale Case. Omaha World-Herald, October 9, p. 34. 

World pharmaceutical sales grew 18 percent between 2001 and 2002 to reach US 400.5 billion. North America was the largest market and one of the most dynamic regions, with 17 percent growth to US 203.6 billion (Table 10.1) [2a]. The numbers are based on the IMS world review that tracks actual sales of approximately 90 percent of all prescription drugs and certain over-the-counter (OTC) products in more than 70 countries. 

Glaxo-Welloome s ranitidine the most successful drug to date world wide sales peaked > 1,000,000,000 per annum... 

As indicated in previous sections of this chapter, there has developed a quite impressive international consensus on the general principles of bioequivalency determination for drug products regulated by agencies such as FDA. However, there are other materials used with therapeutic intent for which bioequivalency may also be a legitimate concern. Herbal remedies have, in recent years, demonstrated impressive increases in sales in many parts of the world. Other substances of natural origin have gained considerable attention for their possible curative potential. For example, shark... 

The contribution from Catalysis to the economics is remarkable. Based on estimates from the North American Chemical Society between 15 and 20%f the world gross net product are provided by catalytic processes [5]. Thereby the catalysis costs are much less than the sales revenues from the products, which they help to create, making catalysis a key technology to the sustainable and cost effective production of chemicals. Numerous things of our daily life like gasoline, plastics, cars, computers or drugs would not exist at all or at least not be available in the today s quality without catalysis. At BASF for example over 80%f the 8000 products see at least once a catalyst during their production cycle. 

As has been the case for centuries, many people continue to rely on natural products for the treatment of a host of physical and mental problems ranging from the common cold and rashes to cancer and loss of memory. Scientific evidence for the efficacy of many of these products is weak, hut users accept cultural, historical, religious, quasi-medical, and other justifications for their use. The sale of dietary supplements in the United States alone nearly doubled in less than a decade, growing from 8.8 billion in 1994 to an estimated 15.7 billion in 2000. Clearly, whatever disadvantages they may have in terms of efficacy and safety, natural products will continue to constitute a major portion of the drug market in the United States and other countries around the world. 

An example of the value-added chain extending from commodities through fine chemicals to a pharmaceutical specialty is shown in Table 1.1. The product chosen is Pfizer s anticholesterol drug Lipitor (atorvastatin), the world s top-selling drug with sales of 12 billion in 2004. The value-added chain extends from a Ci molecule, methanol (left side of the table) all the way to a C33 molecule, atorvastatin. The structure of compound III in Table 1.1 is as follows ... 

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