With Metal Carboxylates

Diaryl tellurium dichlorides and disodium orthophthalate or tetrabromophthalate produced diaryl tellurium orthophthalates in 50 to 85% yields, when shaken in chloroform for 48 h at 20°.  

Diphenyl Tellurium Phthalate 2.5 g (15 mmol) of orthophthalic acid are dissolved in 100 ml of water and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is added until the solution is almost neutral. The water is evaporated, the residue is ground to a fine powder, and 4.23 g (12 mmol) of diphenyl tellurium diehloride dissolved in 50 ml of chloroform are added. The mixture is shaken at 20° for 48 h, Mtered, and the filtrate evaporated. The residue is recrystallized from petroleum ether/benzene yield 70% m.p. 108 . 

Molecular mass determinations indicated that the diaryl tellurium phthalates are dimeric. With sodium sebacate only oligomeric products were obtained. 

Bis[4-ethoxyphenyl] tellurium dichloride and sodium trihaloacetates in refluxing benzene yielded bis[4-ethoxyphenyl] tellurium bis[trihaloacetates].  

No pure tellurium derivatives were obtained when the sodium salts of maleic, fumaric, formic, isophthalic, or terephthalic acids were shaken with diaryl tellurium dichlorides. Diorgano tellurium dichlorides stirred with silver carboxylates in dioxane, acetone, chloroform, benzene, or toluene precipitated silver chloride. Evaporation of the filtrate yielded diorgano tellurium dicarboxylates. 

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Thioamides have been transformed into the corresponding nitriles. Treatment of primary thioamides by tellurium tetrachloride or selenium tetrachloride in combination with triethylamine affords nitriles.66 Treatment of primary amides and thioamides with l-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI) gives nitriles.67 Reactions of thioamides with metal carboxylates in organic solvents enables the selective preparation of nitriles, imides or amides depending on the substitution pattern of the starting material (Scheme 33).68... 

Acyl esters of vicinal diols are obtained by the reaction of alkenes with metal carboxylates [436]. Lead tetraacetate in acetic acid at 70 °C converts 1,2-dihydronaphthalene to rranj-l,2-diacetoxy-l,2,3,4-tetrahy-dronaphthalene in 72% yield [436]. The reaction is not always stereospecific. Cyclohexene treated with thallium triacetate gives a mixture of diastereomers in varying ratios, depending on reaction conditions, and byproducts as a result of rearrangements (equation 89) [411],... 

Esters react with metalated carboxylic acids yielding P-ketoacids from which aldehydes50 and ketones51 may be derived. Like the Adam olefin... 

Carbon dioxide was the first electrophile demonstrated to react with metalated carboxylic acids.9 The reaction has been used to measure the extent of metalation23 and to prepare malonie acids which would be difficult to obtain by other methods.52 Malonie acid esters are available... 

Chelex MD Diphenyl isodecyl phosphite DPDP EINECS 247-777-4 Isodecyl alcohol, diphenyl phosphite Isodecyl diphenyl phosphite Mark 135A Phoselere T 26 Phosphorous acid, isodecyl diphenyl ester Weston DPDP, Chelating agent with metal carboxylates as polymer additives, especially for chlorinated polymers such as PVC and chlorinated PE Improves color, heat and light stability. Liquid bp = 190° d = 1,022-1.032 flash point = 154 . Akzo Chemie, Dover. 

Chem. Descrip. Triisodecyl phosphite CAS 25448-25-3 EiNECS/ELiNCS 246-998-3 Uses Heat stabilizer for polyolefins, PU, PVC, PET, coatings, lubricants improves color in rigid and plasticized PVC chelating agent with metal carboxylates as polymer additives, esp. for chlorinated polymers such as PVC and chlorinated PE antioxidant and EP agent for lubricants Properties APHA 50 max. clear liq. sp.gr. 0.884-0.904 (25/15.5 C) dens. 7.4 Ib/gal vise. 15 cps acid no. 0.05 max. flash pt. (COC) 420 F ref. index 1.4530-1.4610 6.2% P Toxicology Skin irritant... 

Uses Chelating agent with metal carboxylates as polymer additives esp. for chlorinated polymers color, heat, and light stabilizer for PC, poly-... 

Jerome R, Teyssie P, Pireaux JJ, Verbist JJ. Surface analysis of polymers end-capped with metal carboxylates using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Appl Surf Sci 1986 27 93-105. 

It is necessary to note that, if heating is applied for the homogenization of solutions prepared from metal alkoxides together with metal carboxylates, it is necessary to control very thoroughly the thermal conditions to insure the reproducibility in subsequent sol-gel... 

The related use of paraffin and similar species to control PVC fusion is discussed below in connection with metal carboxylates. 

Carboxylic acids react with butadiene as alkali metal carboxylates. A mixture of isomeric 1- and 3-acetoxyoctadienes (39 and 40) is formed by the reaction of acetic acid[13]. The reaction is very slow in acetic acid alone. It is accelerated by forming acetate by the addition of a base[40]. Addition of an equal amount of triethylamine achieved complete conversion at 80 C after 2 h. AcONa or AcOK also can be used as a base. Trimethylolpropane phosphite (TMPP) completely eliminates the formation of 1,3,7-octatriene, and the acetoxyocta-dienes 39 and 40 are obtained in 81% and 9% yields by using N.N.N M -tetramethyl-l,3-diaminobutane at 50 in a 2 h reaction. These two isomers undergo Pd-catalyzed allylic rearrangement with each other. 

Critical micelle concentration (Section 19 5) Concentration above which substances such as salts of fatty acids aggre gate to form micelles in aqueous solution Crown ether (Section 16 4) A cyclic polyether that via lon-dipole attractive forces forms stable complexes with metal 10ns Such complexes along with their accompany mg anion are soluble in nonpolar solvents C terminus (Section 27 7) The amino acid at the end of a pep tide or protein chain that has its carboxyl group intact—that IS in which the carboxyl group is not part of a peptide bond Cumulated diene (Section 10 5) Diene of the type C=C=C in which a single carbon atom participates in double bonds with two others... 

Color intensity and permanence are improved by metal carboxylate salts, especially 2inc salts (83), which cataly2e the dye development and stabili2e the dye in its colored form. The substituted novolak resin, along with extender and binder, can be apphed to the receiving sheet as a solution or aqueous dispersion. Aqueous dispersions are probably the most widely used they are manufactured by the resin suppher or the user from the base resin. 

The carboxyl group reacts with metal oxides, hydroxides, or salts to form rosin soaps or salts (resinates). The soaps of alkah metals, such as sodium and potassium, are usehil in paper sizing and as emulsifiers in mbber polymerization. 

If the starting material contains M-H or M-C bonds a further complication can arise due to the possibility of a CO2 insertion reaction. Thus, both [Ru(H)2(N2)(PPh3)3] and [Ru(H)2(PPh3)4] react to give the formate [Ru(H)(OOCH)(PPh3)3], and similar CO2 insertions into M-H are known for M = Co, Fe, Os, Ir, Pt. These normal insertion reactions are consistent with the expected bond polarities M +-H and 0 =C +=0, but occasionally abnormal insertion occurs to give metal carboxylic acids... 

Weakly acidic cation exchangers (e.g. polymethylacrylic acid resins). These resins (Zerolit 226, Amberlite 50, etc.) are usually supplied in the hydrogen form. They are readily changed into the sodium form by treatment with 1M sodium hydroxide an increase in volume of 80-100 per cent may be expected. The swelling is reversible and does not appear to cause any damage to the bead structure. Below a pH of about 3.5, the hydrogen form exists almost entirely in the little ionised carboxylic acid form. Exchange with metal ions will occur in solution only when these are associated in solution with anions of weak acids, i.e. pH values above about 4. 

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