West Virginia samples

In recent years researchers at West Virginia University have developed coal-derived pitches on a laboratory scale in quantities sufficient to make 1 kg samples of calcined coke for fashioning graphite test specimens. The pitches were derived by uhlizmg solvent extraction with N-methyl pyrrohdone (NMP). This solvent is able to isolate coal-based pitches m high yield and with low mineral matter content [13]. It is this work that will form the basis of the discussion for the later part of this chapter. 

FMC. 1979. Analysis of aryl phosphates and phenols in plant and environmental samples from Nitro, West Virginia. Technical report [microfiche 0518399]. FMC Corporation, Princeton, NJ, 95. 

Since 1997, staff members of the West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey (WVGES) have been building a geochemical database for the State s bedrock units to be used for the dual purposes of mineral exploration and environmental quality assessment. The results of these efforts were first released to the public in 2001 when the number of sample analyses in the database reached approximately five hundred (McDowell,... 

Benzofuran was detected, but not quantitated, in 1 of 10 samples of ambient air taken in an industrial area in the Kanawha Valley, West Virginia (Erickson and Pellizzari 1978). No other monitoring data for 2,3-benzofuran in the United States were located. However, one study identified... 

USA Appalachians Central Southern West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, and northeastern Tennessee 1769 samples... 

USA Appalachians northern (Pennsylvania, Ohio, Maryland, and northwestern West Virginia) 1 630 samples... 

USA Appalachians West Virginia Raymond (Pittsburgh) coal bed USA Arizona Black Mesa field subbituminous—bituminous 11 samples USA Gulf Coast Texas, Arkansas, and Alabama lignites 141 samples... 

ESR g values for West Virginia (Ireland Mine) hvAb coal heat-treated at four different temperatures are shown graphically in Figure 9. The points connected by the dashed lines represent the results of measurements made on neat samples after heat treatment. The general shape of this curve has been established for other coals (8, 15). The point for the sample heat-treated at 450 C falls considerably below the free electron value similar results for other coals have been attributed to the formation of sigma radicals during heat treatment (8). Three experiments were conducted to show that this observed g value was an apparent and not a true value. 

Minerals. Few analyses of the mineral contents are available despite the abundance of elemental analyses expressed as oxides of high temperature ashes (71,72). Sprunk and O Donnell (30) described and illustrated the microscopic occurrences of minerals in many U.S. coals, especially kaolinite, pyrite, calcite, siderite, and quartz. O Gorman and Walker (2 ) quantitatively identified 14 different mineral phases in dull durain and clarain layers in 12 samples from mines in Kentucky, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, North Dakota, and Wyoming. 

Representative samples of three major bituminous coals were obtained following ASTM sampling procedures. The specific coals chosen included a northern West Virginia high volatile coal, a southern West Virginia low volatile coal, and a northern Illinois coal. Head coal samples were split out for each coal and then screen and specific gravity (sink-float) separations were made. Screen fractions produced were +1", 1x1/4", l/4"x8M, 8x28M,... 

This study is based on a subset of samples from 317 localities in eastern Kentucky, northwestern Tennessee, western West Virginia and southwestern Virginia. Samples were collected primarily from channel sandstones in order to control, as closely as possible, for grain size and depositional environment. Most samples are medium sandstones. In a regional petrographic survey, 275 standard blue... 

Refer to Tables 11.12 and 11.13 to answer this question. What is the maximum amount of energy released when a 10-lbn, sample of coal from McDowell, West Virginia is burned Also calculate the amount of energy released when 15 ft of natural gas from Oklahoma is burned. 

The scope of each is indicated in the analyses of a West Virginia coal (Table 6.2) in which the ultimate analysis has been converted to the as-received basis. The analysis on the as-received basis includes the total moisture content of the coal received at the plant. Similarly, the as-fired basis includes the total moisture content of the coal as it enters the boiler furnace or pulverizer. Standard laboratory procedures for making these analyses appear in ASTM D 271, Sampling Analysis, Laboratory, Coal Coke. ... 

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