Weak lapse

Weak lapse—coning (slightly unstable or neutral)... 

FIGURE 4-10 Emission of pollutants from a smokestack, a typical continuous source, under a variety of meteorological conditions. The dry adiabatic lapse rate is represented as a dashed line and the actual measured lapse rate as a solid line in the left panels. Vertical mixing is strongest when the adiabatic lapse rate is less than the actual measured lapse rate and the atmosphere is unstable (top). Weak lapse is a term used to express the existence of a stable atmosphere, which results in less vigorous vertical mixing. An inversion, in the third panel from the top and in part of the last three panels, results in a very stable atmospheric layer in which relatively little vertical mixing occurs (Boubel et al, 1994). 

For company C, the main weakness of the safety management system is the implementation of the additional measures to enhance the safety barriers. The time lapse between observation and actual intervention is sometimes very long. No examples of affected safety barriers lining up could be retrieved, because most analysed precursors are immediately alleviated, preventing any escalation. 

Accidental exposure of seven workers to concentrations estimated between 50 and 500 ppm for 1 hour caused muscular weakness and malaise six of the workers experienced sweating, nausea, vomiting, and headache three experienced confusion, and one of the individuals lapsed into a coma for 20 minutes. On admission to the hospital, all of the workers had flushing of the face, increased rate of breathing, and obvious mydriasis. Six of the patients recovered within a day, but the most seriously affected patient experienced profound weakness, dizziness, vomiting, drowsiness, and depression. 

A fatality has been reported in a 49-year-old man taking ritonavir 200 mg twice daily and indinavir 800 mg twice daily in addition to stavu-dine and lamivudine. After taking three tablets of Cafergot (ergotamine tartrate 1 mg and caffeine 100 mg) his headache worsened, he developed progressive lower extremity weakness, severe peripheral vasoconstriction, labile hypertension and livedo reticularis (skin discolouration due to underlying capillary changes). He lapsed into coma and on day 5 was declared brain dead . ... 

While the results with auxin as inhibitor are clear, the release of inhibition by reduced pressure is much less clear when the inhibition is due to the intact apex. The elongation of the upper internodes of the intact Vida plants under reduced pressure was at least as rapid as that of controls, but the liberation of basal buds was relatively weak and began only after a lapse of three days. It may be surmised that withdrawal of nutrients and water by the continued rapid development of the upper parts of the plant makes less xylen sap available to the lateral buds. Under reduced pressure the additional transpiration would further intensify this effect. To some extent this concept comes close to the early interpretation, of apical dominance by Goebel [4]. 

C. Sweat production stops, and the skin becomes hot and dry. The pulse rate is elevated, and respiration becomes weak and rapid. The person can become lethargic and lapse into a coma. Damage to internal organs is a major concern, and treatment, which must he immediate, may include immersing the person in an ice-water bath. 

---