Wavelength of wave

The wavelength of wave X has double the value of the wavelength of wave Y. As both waves travel at the same velocity (c = 3 X 10 m s" ), then twice as many wavelengths of wave Y will pass position A every second compared to wave X. This means that the frequency of wave Y is twice that of wave X. 

In principle it can be stated that kinetic equations containing one state variable may represent stationary states, autocatalytic processes and the phenomena related to multistability. Equations in two variables can describe periodical oscillations with time and periodical spatial structures (accounting for diffusion). Equations in three variables enable a description of chaotic processes. State variables are the reagent concentrations and, when diffusion is taken into account, additional state variables associated with the wavelengths of waves propagating in solution appear. 

Having collected these preliminary results, we now intend to carry out a complete statistical study of both the number and emission frequencies of centres and of the wavelength of waves within the initial concentrations range of reactants investigated in the present paper. 

We need to point out that, if the wavelengths of laser radiation are less than the size of typical structures on the optical element, the Fresnel model gives a satisfactory approximation for the diffraction of the wave on a flat optical element If we have to work with super-high resolution e-beam generators when the size of a typical structure on the element is less than the wavelengths, in principle, we need to use the Maxwell equations. Now, the calculation of direct problems of diffraction, using the Maxwell equations, are used only in cases when the element has special symmetry (for example circular symmetry). As a rule, the purpose of this calculation in this case is to define the boundary of the Fresnel model approximation. In common cases, the calculation of the diffraction using the Maxwell equation is an extremely complicated problem, even if we use a super computer. 

Diffraction is the deflection of beams of radiation due to interference of waves that interact with objects whose size is of the same order of magnitude as the wavelengths. Molecules and solids typically have... 

Another mode of electron diffraction, low energy electron diffraction or FEED [13], uses incident beams of electrons with energies below about 100 eV, with corresponding wavelengths of the order of 1 A. Because of the very strong interactions between the incident electrons and tlie atoms in tlie crystal, there is very little penetration of the electron waves into the crystal, so that the diffraction pattern is detemiined entirely by the... 

The eireular frequeney of the radiation co (radians per seeond) and the wave veetor k (the magnitude of k is k = 2tc/Z, where X is the wavelength of the light) eontrol the temporal... 

At the other extreme we can consider the electron as a particle which can be observed as a scintillation on a phosphorescent screen. Figure 1.4(b) shows how, if there is a large number of waves of different wavelengths and amplitudes travelling in the x direction, they may reinforce each other at a particular value of x, x say, and cancel each other elsewhere. This superposition at x is called a wave packet and we can say the electron is behaving as if it were a particle at x. ... 

Superposition of waves of different wavelengths reinforcing each other near to x = 0, at x ... 

Interference of Waves. The coherent scattering property of x-rays is used in x-ray diffraction appHcations. Two waves traveling in the same direction with identical wavelengths, X, and equal ampHtudes (the intensity of a wave is equal to the square of its ampHtude) can interfere with each other so that the resultant wave can have anywhere from zero ampHtude to two times the ampHtude of one of the initial waves. This principle is illustrated in Figure 1. The resultant ampHtude is a function of the phase difference between the two initial waves. 

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