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Water body, disturbances

The ethanol bath is used to cool a coil that will freeze out water. Water may disturb the GC analysis later. The water bath is put in place to maintain the sample flask s temperature at body temperature. [Pg.1085]

As expected, e. decreases near the ions concerned. However, the structure of water is disturbed by the field from such charged bodies only 500-600 pm out into the solvent. [Pg.194]

Pumping mud from the bottom to make room for deeper boats in the Mississippi River. When the bottom of a natural body of water is disturbed, the possibility exists of redistributing pollutants that had been trapped in the mud into the water. [Pg.240]

The collection of water samples and subsequent sample treatment depend primarily on the type of water that is collected and the aim of the analysis. It is important that samples are collected in such a way that they are representative of the water body from which they are taken. This means that the concentrations of the determinand and interferences in the sample should not differ from the concentrations present in the original water body. The need for representatives may limit the volume of sample that may be collected for example, to take into account a sharp gradient in analyte concentrations relatively small sample volumes may be taken without disturbing the original gradient. [Pg.4983]

A diuretic is a drug that increases die secretion of urine (ie, water, electrolytes, and waste products) by die kidneys. Many conditions or diseases, such as heart failure, endocrine disturbances, and kidney and liver diseases can cause retention of excess fluid (edema). When die patient shows signs of excess fluid retention, die primary healdi care provider may order a diuretic. There are various types of diuretic drugs, and the primary healdi care provider selects the one that best suits die patient s needs and effectively reduces the amount of excess fluid in body tissues. [Pg.443]

TBW depletion (often referred to as dehydration ) is typically a more gradual, chronic problem compared to ECF depletion. Because TBW depletion represents a loss of hypotonic fluid (proportionally more water is lost than sodium) from all body compartments, a primary disturbance of osmolality is usually seen. The signs and symptoms of TBW depletion include CNS disturbances (mental status changes, seizures, and coma), excessive thirst, dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, elevated serum sodium, increased plasma osmolality, concentrated urine, and acute weight loss. Common causes of TBW depletion include insufficient oral intake, excessive insensible losses, diabetes insipidus, excessive osmotic diuresis, and impaired renal concentrating mechanisms. Long-term care residents are frequently admitted to the acute care hospital with TBW depletion secondary to lack of adequate oral intake, often with concurrent excessive insensible losses. [Pg.405]

The body s normal daily sodium requirement is 1.0 to 1.5 mEq/kg (80 to 130 mEq, which is 80 to 130 mmol) to maintain a normal serum sodium concentration of 136 to 145 mEq/L (136 to 145 mmol/L).15 Sodium is the predominant cation of the ECF and largely determines ECF volume. Sodium is also the primary factor in establishing the osmotic pressure relationship between the ICF and ECF. All body fluids are in osmotic equilibrium and changes in serum sodium concentration are associated with shifts of water into and out of body fluid compartments. When sodium is added to the intravascular fluid compartment, fluid is pulled intravascularly from the interstitial fluid and the ICF until osmotic balance is restored. As such, a patient s measured sodium level should not be viewed as an index of sodium need because this parameter reflects the balance between total body sodium content and TBW. Disturbances in the sodium level most often represent disturbances of TBW. Sodium imbalances cannot be properly assessed without first assessing the body fluid status. [Pg.409]

The fact that purine degradation in humans already stops at the uric acid stage can lead to problems, since—in contrast to allantoin—uric acid is poorly soluble in water. When large amounts of uric acid are formed or uric acid processing is disturbed, excessive concentrations of uric acid can develop in the blood hyperuricemia). This can result in the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the body. Deposition of these crystals in the joints can cause very painful attacks of gout. [Pg.186]

Nickel is a natural constituent of soil and is transported into streams and waterways in runoff either Ifom natural weathering or Ifom disturbed soil. Much of this nickel is associated with particulate matter. Nickel also enters bodies of water through atmospheric deposition. [Pg.181]

Kidney and San Jiao are disturbed, the water may accumulate inside the body. Edema and accumulation of fluid are the most commonly seen symptoms. [Pg.202]

Chuan Bei Mu and Zhu Ru are cold and have the functions of clearing heat and removing phlegm. They can be selected as assistants in the formula to remove phlegm-heat, a product from disturbed Qi and water movement in the body. When phlegm obstructs the meridians, spasms and twitches may start. [Pg.322]

Zhu Ru is sweet and slightly cold, and enters the Lung, Stomach and Gall Bladder meridians. It is often used as assistant in the formula to ease the Stomach-Qi and remove phlegm-heat, which is produced by disturbed Qi and water movement in the body. [Pg.325]


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Disturbance

Water bodies

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