W-Butyl alcohol

The solution is apt to foam over during neutralization. This may be prevented by adding to the foaming solution from time to time small amounts of w-butyl alcohol to break up the bubbles. 

Crystallization of the product from 200 cc. of w-butyl alcohol gives 13.4 g. of material in the form of yellow needles, m. p. 161-162° (corr.). Larger amounts are conveniently crystallized from toluene, using 2 cc. per gram. 

The checkers used commercially available -butyl nitrite and experienced no difficulty in removing the w-butyl alcohol. 

Contact dermatitis of the hands may occur because of a defatting action of the liquid, and toxic amounts can be absorbed through the skin. Direct contact of the hands with w-butyl alcohol for 1 hour results in an absorbed dose that is four times that of inhalation of 50 ppm for 1 hour. ... 

The 2003 ACGIH threshold limit ceiling value (TLV-C) for w-butyl alcohol is 50ppm (152mg/m") with a notation for skin absorption. 

A suspension of 35 g. (0.153 mole) of 2- -acetylphenylhydro-quinone in 77 ml. of acetic anhydride is treated with 0.5 ml. of concentrated sulfuric acid (sp. gr. 1.84). The hydroquinone goes into solution immediately with the evolution of much heat. The dark-colored solution is allowed to stand at room temperature overnight then it is poured into 400 ml. of water. The acetylated material is collected by suction filtration and dried. The crude 2- -acetylphenylhydroquinone diacetate is distilled at reduced pressure (b.p. 236-241°/l mm. or 182-190°/0.1 mm.), and the hot distillate is poured into 20 ml. of w-butyl alcohol (Note 11). The product immediately separates as a colorless, crystalline... 

Our results show that there is a clear difference between the sorption of /ert-butyl alcohol by the microporous phenyl-modified silica compared with the sorption of w-butyl alcohol. Comparison of total pore volumes and monolayer capacities with those for other sorptives leads us to conclude that sorption of the straight-chained isomer is significantly more sterically hindered than its branched analogue. This may be explained by the difference in the shapes of the two molecules. The spherical ten-butyl alcohol molecule is able to easily penetrate into the micropores of the unswollen sample without blocking the pore-entrance, while the straight-chain w-butyl alcohol molecule may block the pores upon adsorption. 

Tribromo-2 4-diphenylselenophene, C16H9Br3Se, may b< obtained by direct bromination of 2 4-diphenylselenophene, usinj 1 5 grams of the latter to 10 grams of bromine in glacial acetic aci< solution, or by the action of bromine in the presence of water upo] 5-chloromercuri-2 4-diphenylselenophene. It separates from glacia acetic acid as transparent, pale straw-coloured needles, M.pt. 126 7° C (corr.), the yield by the first process being about 36 per cent. It dis solves in ethyl and w-butyl alcohols, acetone or ether, but is practicall insoluble in water. 

Tetrabromo-2 4-diphenylselenophene, C16H8Br4Se.—4 gram of bromine are added dropwise to 1 gram of 2 4-diphenvIselenophen in 20 c.c. of boiling alcohol in direct sunlight and the solution subse quently concentrated. A colourless crystalline mass separates as th> solution cools. Recrystallisation from w-butyl alcohol gives colourless minute felted hairs, M.pt. 176 5° C. (corr.), soluble in alcohol, ether o carbon tetrachloride, but practically insoluble in water. 

The other secondary reaction that we observed is isomerization of butene formed in reaction +V (and, perhaps, in the supposed reaction IV). Table II shows the isomeric distribution of butenes that are formed from w-butyl alcohol upon dehydration at 423 K in the HZSM-5 zeolites with different crystallite sizes. It is seen that, for Sample 1 (with the smallest crystallite size), the isomeric distribution is very far from equilibrium (Table II). However, with the increase of the crystallite size or by inserting rather bulky Na+ ions into the... 

In a 2-1. flask fitted with a mechanical stirrer, a thermometer, and a dropping funnel, are placed a cool solution of 240 cc. (4.3 moles) of commercial sulfuric acid (sp. gr. 1.84) in 240 cc. of water, and 240 g. (3.21 moles) of technical w-butyl alcohol (Note 1). The whole is placed in a large, efficient ice-salt bath. 

In a 3-I. three-necked, round-bottomed flask fitted with a mechanical stirrer (Note i), a separatory funnel extending to the bottom of the flask, and a thermometer, are placed 380 g. (5.5 moles) of c.P. sodium nitrite and 1.51. of water. The flask is surrounded by an ice-salt mixture and the solution stirred until the temperature falls to 0°. A mixture of 100 cc. of water, 136 cc. (250 g., 2.5 moles) of concentrated sulfuric add (sp. gr. 1.84) (Note 2), and 457 cc. (370 g., 5 moles) of commercial w-butyl alcohol is cooled to 0°, and by means of the separatory funnel is introduced slowly beneath the surface of the nitrite solution, with stirring. The alcohol solution is added slowly enough so that practically no gas is evolved, and the temperature is kept at 1°. This usually requires from one and one-half to two hours. 

Problem 17.1 (a) Give all steps of a likely mechanism for the dehydration of an alcohol to an ether, (b) Is this the only possibility Give all steps of an alternative mechanism. Hint See Sec. 14.16.) (c) Dehydration of w-butyl alcohol gives -butyl ether. Which of your alternatives appears to be operating here ... 

The following applications include the removal of straight-chain from branched-chain or cyclic molecules. For example, type 5A sieves will adsorb w-butyl alcohol but not its branched-chain isomers. Similarly, it separates n-tetradecane from benzene, or w-heptane from methylcyclohexane. 

Interferon alfa-2b vials Multidose 18 million IU (0.088 mg) 0.024mg/ mL (22.8 million IU/ 3.8 mL) or (3 million IU/0.5mL) isopropyl alcohol, w-butyl alcohol, propylene glycol, ammonium hydroxide, FD C Blue 2 aluminum lake INTRON A 7.5 mg/mL sodium chloride 1.8 mg/mL sodium phosphate dibasic 1.3 mg/mL sodium phosphate monobasic 0.1 mg/ mL edetate disodium, 0.1 mg/ mL polysorbate 80 1.5 mg/mL m-cresol as a preservative... 

In a 2-1., three-neck flask, fitted with a mechanical stirrer, a thermometer, and a 250-cc. separatory funnel, are placed 148 g. (2 moles) of w-butyl alcohol and 210 g. (1.1 moles) of pure -toluenesulfochloride (Note 1). From the separatory funnel 320 cc. (1.6 moles) of 5 n sodium hydroxide is run in at a rate that does not cause the temperature of the reaction mixture to exceed 150 (Note 2) the addition requires three to four hours. 

M-Butyl phosphate has been prepared by the action of phosphorus oxychloride upon w-butyl alcohol,3 aluminum butoxide,4 or sodium butoxide.5 The above procedure2 is similar to one that has been used for the preparation of alkyl phosphites.6... 

Commercial w-butyl alcohol was dried by distillation through a column the fore-run and a small fraction collected after the vapors reached 1170 were discarded. 

An experimental correlation has been obtained by Abul-Hamayel and Bell [209] to account for the density and viscosity variations in helicoidal pipe. Experiments with water, ethylene glycol, and w-butyl alcohol in a helicoidal pipe with the boundary condition were conducted. The following equation was derived from the measurement data ... 

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