Vomiting corticosteroids

Both omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor and paclitaxel, a taxane cytotoxic may cause nausea and vomiting as side-effects. Prednisolone, as with other corticosteroids, does not cause nausea and vomiting. Corticosteroids such as dexamethasone are administered to relieve nausea and vomiting, particularly that associated with chemotherapy. 

A similar classification scheme is used to gauge the severity of active CD.2 Patients with mild to moderate CD are typically ambulatory and have no evidence of dehydration, systemic toxicity, loss of body weight, or abdominal tenderness, mass, or obstruction. Moderate to severe disease is considered in patients who fail to respond to treatment for mild to moderate disease, or those with fever, weight loss, abdominal pain or tenderness, vomiting, intestinal obstruction, or significant anemia. Severe to fulminant CD is classified as the presence of persistent symptoms or evidence of systemic toxicity despite outpatient corticosteroid treatment, or presence of cachexia, rebound tenderness, intestinal obstruction, or abscess. 

For prophylaxis of acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, the combination of a 5-HT3 antagonist and a corticosteroid is recommended for patients receiving highly eme-togenic cisplatin or non-cisplatin-based chemotherapy. 

Dexamethasone -corticosteroid -leukocytosis -nausea and vomiting -anorexia or increased appetite -CNS effects (psychosis, confusion) -fluid retention -hyperglycemia -osteoporosis... 

Oral Treatment of hypokalemia in the following conditions With or without metabolic alkalosis digitalis intoxication familial periodic paralysis diabetic acidosis diarrhea and vomiting surgical conditions accompanied by nitrogen loss, vomiting, suction drainage, diarrhea, and increased urinary excretion of potassium certain cases of uremia hyperadrenalism starvation and debilitation corticosteroid or diuretic therapy. 

Hypokalemia - Hypokalemia may develop during concomitant corticosteroids, ACTH, and especially with brisk diuresis, with severe liver disease or cirrhosis, vomiting or diarrhea, or after prolonged therapy. 

Its most important adverse effects are nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. The risks for nephrotoxicity can be limited by adequate hydration. Marked nausea and vomiting are frequent. Only mild-to-moderate myelosuppression is seen. Pseudo-allergic reactions may occur which respond to intravenous epinephrine and corticosteroids or antihistamines. 

IV.a.1.9. Adrenal suppression. It results from inhibition of pituitary ACTH secretion, and some suppression of the normal adrenal response to stress may persist for years after stopping therapy. Rapid withdrawal of corticosteroid therapy can therefore precipitate dangerous acute adrenal insufficiency ( Addisonian crisis , with hypotension, vomiting, coma and ultimately death), and for this reason steroid treatment should always be reduced gradually, sometimes over many months, according to the dose and duration of therapy. 

How corticosteroids prevent vomiting is unclear, but many studies have confirmed the effectiveness of a single dose of dexamethasone against a variety of anticancer agents. A randomized trial found... 

The use of cytotoxic drugs with a high level of emetogenicity requires the prophylactic administration of a combination of a 5HT3-receptor antagonist and a corticosteroid to prevent the onset of acute nausea and vomiting (i.e. within the first 24 hours). 

There is little evidence supporting the use of 5HT3-receptor antagonists beyond the first 24 hours, and corticosteroids appear to be the most effective component of antiemetic regimens used to prevent delayed nausea and vomiting (American Society of Clinical Oncology et ah, 2006). 

For any minor injuries sustained during athletic training NSAIDs and corticosteroids (topical, intra-articular) suppress symptoms and allow the training to proceed maximally. Their use is allowed subject to restrictions about route of administration, but strong opioids are disallowed. Similarly, the IOC Medical Code defines acceptable and unacceptable treatments for relief of cough, hay fever, diarrhoea, vomiting, pain and asthma. Doctors should remember that they may get their athlete patients into trouble with sports authorities by inadvertent prescribing of banned substances. ... 

Sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) is an organic pentavalent antimony compound it may cause anorexia, vomiting, coughing and substemal pain. Used in mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, it may lead to severe irrflammation around pharyngeal or tracheal lesions which may require corticosteroid administration to control. Meglumine antimoniate is similar. 

Adverse effects may be severe with abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea which may be bloody. Renal damage may result and rarely, blood disorders. Large doses cause muscle paralysis. Many patients are unable to tolerate colchicine and use NSAIDs such as indomethacin or diclofenac for an acute attack of gout some patients require oral corticosteroid. 

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