Volume expansion upon freezing

It is well known that the volume of ice is greater than that of water by about 8%. F or most liquids the density increases on transforming the liquid to ice, as the solid is usually denser than the liquid. This clearly shows that ice is more stmctured and has more open space in its molecular arrangement. The volume expansion of water upon freezing is an anomalous behavior because volume decreases upon freezing for other simple liquids. It is this very anomaly by which fish can survive in low-temperature regions because ice floats on the upper layer of the lake and the lower layer of the lake still contains liquid water which is of higher density. 

With one recent exception (Vinflora oenos), rehydration of freeze-dried cultures is usually recommended in sterile distilled or deionized water followed by transfer to expansion media. Most LAB cultures prepared from either laboratory cultures, concentrates, or rehydrated from freeze-dried preparations must be propagated and expanded under winelike conditions prior to inoculation into the total volume of fermentation or wine. This acclimation period is necessary to prevent the significant population crashes observed upon direct inoculation into wine. 

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