Visual feedback

The 3D representation of the test object can be rotated by means of an ARCBALL interface. Clicking on the main client area will produce a circle which is actually the silhouette of a sphere. Dragging the mouse rotates the sphere, and the model moves aceordingly. An arc on the surface of the sphere is drawn for visual feedback of orientation additionally a set of coordinate axes in the bottom left comer provides further feedback. 

At Novartis, so-called BioavailabiUty Radar Plots [44] are used to visually display the oral absorption potential of molecules. On these plots five important calculated descriptors (log P, molecular weight, PSA, number of rotatable bonds and water solubility score [45]) are displayed on the axes of a pentagonal radar plot and compared with predefined property limits (green area) which were determined by the analysis of marketed oral drugs. These plots provide an intuitive tool that displays multiple parameters as a single chart in a straightforward but informative way, providing visual feedback about the molecule s bioavailabiUty potential (Fig. 5.5). 

The track ball is not as common a device as are the others in this section. Physically it is a ball that is mounted and can be rotated in any direction [the arcade version of Missile-Command uses this device]. As the ball rotates - the direction of rotation indicates the desired direction of movement - the position of a tracking device can be read by the computer (using 8 or 10 bit A/Ds) and a cursors position updated to give visual feedback. Part of the problem with this type of device is its size, the ball may be four to five inches in diameter in order to be easily manipulated. 

Recurrent training of patients taking inhalation therapy is required to achieve reproducible delivery of inhalation therapy. Electronic systems with visual feedback to the patients have been developed to assist the patients to use their drug product correctly. ... 

Investigation into the vial manufacturing process was initiated at this point. The vials are most commonly glass, since this provides an inert contact surface and transparency for visual feedback. The vials must be sealed, and at one end a piston must be provided while at the opposite end a diaphragm is fitted to allow puncture by the needle inside the syringe barrel. The elastomeric... 

With BioTRaNS the highlighting of various enclosing shapes and colors provides immediate visual feedback on species of interest, even in highly complex networks, and an investigator can easily locate highly reactive, and potentially toxic, species. 

The fMRl was used to investigate patterns of neural activation in normal subjects and amputees during experiments involving the movement and visual monitoring of intact and phantom Hmbs. With amputees, visual feedback was manipulated to bring visual and motor activity into closer agreement. In the normal experiments visual feedback was manipulated to create disagreement between visual and motor activity. 

It has been shown unequivocally that reaching is more accurate in the presence than in the absence of vision of the arm just before [8] and during the movement [8-10]. Since this improvement was observed even for movements that were completed within 200 msec, it was proposed [11] that visual cues fi om arm motion are being processed at higher speeds than the timing assumed necessary (190 to 260 msec) to utilize external visual feedback [12]. 

AAC system outputs in common use are speech, displays, printers, beeps, data, infrared, and other control formats. Outputs are used to facilitate the interactive nature of real time communication. Users may rely on auditory and visual feedback to enhance vocabulary selection and the construction of messages. The speech and display outputs may be directed toward the communication partner to support the exchange of information. Auditory feedback such as beeps and key clicks, while useful to the individual using the system, also provide the communication partner with the pragmatic information that a user is in the process of generating a message. Finally, outputs may be used to control other items or devices such as printers. 

The second involves calculation of differentials in tracking performance from inter-trial alterations in target and/or controlled system dynamics. This has been successfully used to study predictive motor planning [Flowers, 1976 Flowers, 1978 Bloxham et al., 1984 Day et al.,1984 Jones and Donaldson, 1989], acquisition/modification of motor sets [Frith et al., 1986], and reliance on visual feedback [Flowers, 1976 Cooke et al., 1978 Frith et al., 1986] in Parkinson s disease. 

MiaU, R.C., Weir, D. J., and Stein, J.F. 1985. Visuomotor tracking with delayed visual feedback. Neuroscience 16 511-520. 

Foulkes, A. J. and MiaU, R. C. 2000. Adaptation to visual feedback delays in a human manual tracking task. Exp. Brain Res. 131 101-110. 

Keywords Stereo vision Gazing Tracking Visual feedback control Boom crane Swing suppression Positioning... 

L.E. Weiss, A.C. Sanderson, C.P. Neuman, Dynamic sensor-based control of robots with visual feedback. IEEE J. Robot. Autom. RA-3(5), 404- 17 (1987)... 

Y. Yoshida, M. Hirtmo, T. Tomida, H. Teshima, Visual feedback control of traveling crane (in Japanese with English abstracts). Trans. Soc. Inst. Cont. Eng., Japan, 41(6), 527-532, (2005)... 

Y. Yoshida, H. Tabata, Visual feedback control of an overhead crane and its combination with time-optimal control, in Proceeding IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Mechatronics, Xi an, China, 2008, pp 630-635... 

Visual feedback, incidental feedback, supplementary sensory feedback... 

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