Viscose spinning

In another laboratory at Kew, C. H. Steam and C. E. Topham, who had worked for Sir Joseph Swan on lamp filaments, developed the continuous filament spinning process (8) and the machinery needed to wash and coUect (9,10) the yams. A fibermaking method was outlined in 1898, and the Viscose Spinning Syndicate was formed to develop the concept into a commercial proposition. 

The high quality of the fastness properties is the basis for frequent pigment use in textile printing. Dry cleaning with perchloroethylene or washing has almost no effect on the color. P.Y.83, sometimes in the form of a preparation, is used for viscose spin dyeing, secondary acetate, and polyacrylonitrile. 

Sollinger and Voges at Akzo Nobel (Obemburg, Germany) used off-line transmission NIR to monitor the key quality parameters in cellulose hber (viscose) spinning solutions over time. The business value lay both... 

Table 15.4 Multivariate calibration results for viscose spinning solutions...

S. Sollinger and M. Voges, Simultaneous determination of the main constiments of viscose spinning solutions by visible near infrared spectroscopy, J. Near Infrared Spectrosc., 5, 135-148 (1997). 

Sollinger, S. Voges, M. Simultaneous Determination of the Main Constituents of Viscose Spinning Solutions by Visible Near Infrared Spectroscopy /. Near Infrared Spectrosc. 1997, 5, 135-148. 

M. King, J. M. Zabm, D. Pierrot, S. Vaquez-Girod, and E Puchelle. The role of mucus gel viscosity, spin liability and adhesive properties to clearance by simulated cough. B rheotogy 26 737-745 (1989). 

Viscose spinning bath additive for flame-retardant rayon. 

Although in principle rayon can be flame retarded by the same processes developed for cotton, the majority of research efforts have focused on additives to the viscose spinning bath. One successful additive, based on an alkyl dioxaphosphorinane disnlfide (Fig. 8.15), is used at 20 % for effective flame retardancy. ... 

Is used as a co-emulsifier and antistat for textile processing oils, as a dispersing agent for inorganic salts in viscose spinning, and as an emulsifier for fats and oils in industrial lubricants. ... 

The starting point for the suspension process is a finely divided aluminum oxide powder suspended in water. An additive provides the necessary viscosity. Spinning of this finely divided suspension with the help of additives provides raw aluminum oxide fibers, which by calcining and treatment at high temperature is converted into non-porous sintered a-aluminum oxide fibers. 

The preparative method for the polymer can have an influence on fiber properties. In Table 9 are described four polymer samples with different end-group relationships but with a fairly narrow range of inherent viscosities. Spinning was done under comparable conditions. 

In 1899, Cross and Steam formed the Viscose Spinning Syndicate in Kew, near London, where Topham developed the platinum spinnerettes. 

With zinc in the spin-bath, the nature of the Donnan membrane established at the interface between the viscose filament and the spin-bath, and across which the diffusion processes and mass transfer must occur, is changed [170,187,188]. Although it has been proposed that the membrane retards acid diffusion into the filament, it is equally probable that the observed effect is caused by the structure suppressing diffusion of water from the filament. Tornell s study of viscose spinning has shown that zinc reduces deswelling of the filament [189]. 

After the set ripening period, the viscose is pressurized with air through a final filtering stage and metered with a gear pump, by way of a pivoted rounder end (swan neek) to which a multi-holed precious metal (e.g., Au/Pt) spinneret is attached to the open end. The viscose is extruded horizontally into a lead lined viscose spin bath, through whieh spin bath liquor is eireulated at about 50°C. The size of the jet hole is about 0.05-0.1 mm diameter and the holes... 

France. They believed that Cross and Bevan s viscose route could make a similar fiber much more economically. Nevertheless, it took two attempts, the second to a changed Board of Directors after the flotation, before Courtaulds was persuaded to acquire the viscose process rights. On July 14,1904, the Viscose Spinning Syndicate agreed to sell the viscose process rights and patents to Courtaulds for the sum of 25,000. A new factory was bnilt and the first commercial production was started in Coventry, United Kingdom, in November 1905. 

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