Virulence gene

B. Virulence genes—production of virulence factors Brady rhizobium spp. Agrobacterium tumefaciens 90... 

Staib P et al. Differential activation of a Candida albicans virulence gene family during activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000 97 6102-6107. 

Lett MC, Sasakawa C, Okada N, Sakai T, Ma-kino S, YamadaM, Komatsu K, YoshikawaM virG, a plasmid-coded virulence gene of Shigella flexneri Identification of the virG protein and determination of the complete coding sequence. J Bacteriol 1989 171 353-359. 

PassadorL, Cook JM, GambelloMJ, Rust L and Iglewski BH. 1993. Expression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence genes requires cell-to-cell communication. Science 260 1127-1130. 

Besides AHLs (Table 1), the opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa also produces another chemically distinct QS signal molecule, 2-n-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(lH)-quinolone (PQS 5) [18]. PQS is an integral component of the QS hierarchy and plays an important role in regulating virulence gene expression [19]. 

Chen B, Zheng W, Yu Y et al (2011) Class 1 integrons, selected virulence genes, and antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from the Minjiang River, Fujian Province, China. Appl Environ Microbiol 77(1) 148-155... 

Figure 5.21 Comparison of wild type vs. hyphal (virulent) gene expression patterns. (From Lane, S. et al., /. Biol. Chem., 276, 48988-48996, 2001. With permission.)...

Barak, J. D., Gorski, L., Naraghi-Arani, P., and Charkowski, A. O. (2005). Salmonella enterica virulence genes are required for bacterial attachment to plant tissue. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71,5685-5691. 

NT519 Song, Y. N., M. Shibuya, Y. Ebizukaand U. Sankawa. Indentification of plant factors inducing virulence gene expression in Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Chem Pharm Bull 1991 39(9) 2347-2350. 

AM Lowe, DT Beattie, RL Deresiewicz. Identification of novel staphylococcal virulence genes by in vivo expression technology. Mol Microbiol 27 967-976, 1998. 

Use of microarrays in the diagnosis and prevention of disease and illness is an intense area of interest (131). Several experimental arrays, many FGAs, have been developed to detect pathogens in either patient samples or food and water supplies. A Salmonella-specific array was reported for detecting virulence genes (invA and sopB) (64). Using 70-mer oligonucleotide probes and... 

Wang, C., Typas, M. A., and Butt, T. M. (2002). Detection and characterisation of prl virulent gene deficiencies in the insect pathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 213, 251-255. 

Tang C, Holden D (1999) Pathogen virulence genes-implications for vaccines and drug therapy. Br Med Bull 55 387... 

Alpuche Aranda, C.M., Swanson, J.A., Loomis, W.P., Miller, S.I. Salmonella typhimurium activates virulence gene transcription within acidified macrophage phagosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89 (1992) 10079-10083. 

Bader, M.W., Navarre, W.W., Shiau, W., Nikaido, H., Frye, J.G., McClelland, M., Fang, F.C., Miller, S.I. Regulation of Salmonella typhimurium virulence gene expression by cationic antimicrobial peptides. Mol Microbiol 50 (2003) 219-230. 

Guo, L., Lim, K.B., Gunn, J.S., Bainbridge, B., Darveau, R.P., Hackett, M., Miller, S.I. Regulation of lipid A modifications by Salmonella typhimurium virulence genes phoP-phoQ. Science 276 (1997) 250-253. 

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