In vivo expression technology

Angelichio MJ, Camilli A (2002) In vivo expression technology. Infect Immun 70 6518-6523... 

AM Lowe, DT Beattie, RL Deresiewicz. Identification of novel staphylococcal virulence genes by in vivo expression technology. Mol Microbiol 27 967-976, 1998. 

Merighi, M., Ellermeier, C., Slauch, J., Gunn, J. Resolvase-in vivo expression technology analysis of the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium PhoP and PmrA regulons in BALB/c mice. J Bacteriol 187 (2005) 7407-7416. 

Slauch, J.M., Mahan, M.J., and Mekalanos, J.J. 1994, In vivo expression technology for selection of bacterial genes specifically induced in host tissues. Methods Enzymol 235 481-492. 

An IVET system in vivo expression technology) was developed in order to identify the genes specifically expressed during sausage fermentation (Hilfner et al. 2007). In a meat fermentation model, 15 genes appeared to have their expression induced, in particular genes involved in stress response. 

The ProCode technology analyzes libraries of expressed proteins to identify protein-protein and protein-small molecule interactions. Data of genes that interact with existing compounds is then achieved. This accelerates the discovery process by profiling performance prior to expensive testing in vivo. 

There have already been clinical trials of porcine hepatocyte-based bioartificial livers [5, 6]. However, we believe these systems to represent temporary and short-lived approaches. Compelling evidence from recent experiments show that primary porcine liver cells express and release endogenous retroviral particles that are able to infect human cells. However, long term in vivo investigations of patients previously exposed to porcine tissues over a period of 12 year did not show any porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) viremia [7]. Therefore, we consider the further pursuit of porcine bioartificial livers the only solution at present with regard to the cell source. However, as an intermediate term alternative human cell sources are in development [8]. Expansion technologies for human fetal cells may contribute to resolve these limitations in the future. 

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