Vienna Polytechnic

In 1815, the Vienna Polytechnic Institute (Fig. 1), now the Vienna University of Technology, was founded. From the very beginning biotechnological subjects were taught. The founder and first director of the Vienna Polytechnic Institute, Johann Josef Ritter von Prechtl (1778-1854), was the author of a renowned textbook of chemistry with special reference to chemical technology (1813) and,... 

Fig. 1. The Vienna Polytechnic Institute near St. Charles Church...

The Pennsylvania State University, 250 Polytechnic University, 430 SRI International, 124 Sandia National Laboratories, 314 Southern Methodist University, 283 Stevens Institute of Technology, 437 Technical University, Lodz, Poland, 166 Texas Christian University, 283,385 Ultrasystems Defense and Space, Inc., 392 University of Colorado, 303 University of Illinois, 314 University of Lowell, 112 University of Maryland, 483 University of Massachusetts, 437,463,469 University of Nevada, 43 University of New Mexico, 378 University of North Carolina, 408 University of Texas at Austin, 61 University of Vermont, 290 University of Vienna, 43 University of Wisconsin, 6 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 180,354 Washington State University, 43... 

Until one day late in 1939, Maurcy Szpilfogel had himself used quotation marks according to the traditional rules. He d had no reason to believe anyone thought he was a bad scholar in that or any other respect. He had graduated with honors from the Polytechnic Institute in Karlsruhe, Germany. He had earned his doctorate at the University of Bern in Switzerland. Then he had worked in Vienna for two years. But he loved Poland and went back, as he had planned, to Piotrkow, where he was bom. 

Born in Vienna, Austria, on May 3, 1895, Professor Herman Mark is as vital today as his almost innumerable contributions to polymer science. He continues to maintain an active schedule as a world traveler and lecturer at numerous national and international symposia and seminars. His home base, however, remains at Polytechnic Institute of New York, where he is Dean Emeritus and an emeritus member of the Board of Trustees. 

The beginning was not easy," Mark explains, "but related experience in Vienna and the peerless support of Rogers and (Dean R. E.) Kirk made the Institute a quick success." The success was also in part brought about by the labors of a future "who s who" contingent of associates attracted by Mark. A few of the scientists who came to work in the converted razor blade factory which housed the Polytechnic laboratories are T. Alfrey, P. M. Doty, F. Eirich, I. Frankuchen, W. P. Hohenstein, H. Morawetz, C. G. Overberger, C. C. Price,... 

Medal of Honor of the Polytechnic Institute of Milano 1954 Golden Medal of Honor of the University of Vienna 1955... 

Anton Schrotter, the son of an apothecary at Olmiitz, Austria, studied medicine, chemistry, and physics, and in 1830 received an appointment in the Technical Institute in Graz, Austria. In 1843 he was called to die Polytechnic Institute in Vienna. After twenty-five years of outstanding service there he was appointed Director of die Mint (55). His last contribution to science was a chapter on Phosphorus and matches in Dr. A. W. von Hofmann s Report on the Development of Chemical Industry During the Last Decade, which was published in Brunswick in 1875-77 (55). 

In the second half of the nineteenth century chemical education was modernized under the influence of Justus von Liebig. Josef Redtenbacher in Prague and Vienna and Anton Schrotter in Graz and Vienna introduced in Austria Liebig s modern method of chemical education based on the laboratory work of all students. New chairs of chemistry were installed at universities and polytechnic institutes after the revolution of 1848. The organization of studies was reformed between 1849 and 1870. A third line of chemical education at a secondary level was established by the foundation of Gewerbeschulen (technical secondary schools for chemistry). 

Seventeen universities from ten countries have awarded honorary degrees to Dr. Mark. Among these are Lowell University, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn and the University of Vienna, he is a member of over 15 state and national academies, including the U.S. National Academy of Science, the American Academy of Arts and Sdences, the Royal Institute of Great Britain, and the Soviet Academy of Sciences. 

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