Vegetable wax

Waxes. These are dispersions of polyethylenes, Fischer-Tropsh, Teflon, or vegetable waxes (qv) in a vehicle or solvent. They impart sHp and scuff resistance to ink films. Polyolefin waxes and Teflon are also available as powders that can be directly mixed into inks. 

Most waxes are complex mixtures of molecules with different carbon lengths, stmctures, and functionaHty. Attempts to measure the exact chemical composition are extremely difficult, even for the vegetable waxes, which are based on a relatively few number of basic molecules. Products such as oxidised microcrystaHine wax not only have a mixture of hydrocarbon lengths and types as starting materials, but also add complexity through the introduction of various types of carboxyHc functionaHty onto those hydrocarbons during the oxidation process. 

Table 4 Hsts flow properties of a set of impression waxes the exact compositions of which are trade secrets. The materials that have been identified in the compositions are paraffin, ceresin, vegetable waxes, rosin, mastic gum, and spermaceti.

The flowers were ext-aet by thre washings with petro eum spi it. Th thr sol t ons wei ni d, ried an filtered, hen the so cnt as distilled off, care being taken to exp t e last traces I tic w Th re idu m is distilla tion is a brown, vi cous mass compo d of vegetable wax th colouring matter and th essenti 1 il o the flowe... 

Waxes Beeswax, spermaceti, Chinese wax, lanolin (animal waxes) carnauba, candelilla, Japan wax, esparto (vegetable waxes) paraffin, ozokerite (fossil waxes) Paint binders, coatings, sealants, writing tablets, ingredients of cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations, sculptures... 

Plant uptake, of herbicides, 13 310 Plant viruses, 3 135 Plant waxes. See Vegetal waxes Plant-wide optimization, 20 675 PlantWise software, 19 520-521 Plaque, 3 710-711... 

FIGURE 9.43 Concentrations of n-alkanes as a function of carbon number from (a) a particle sample collected in Jos, Nigeria (the dashed line represents the estimated concentrations from fossil fuel sources), (b) vegetation wax in the Jos area, and (c) particles collected over the Atlantic Ocean (adapted from Sinioneit et al., 1988). 

Esparto Wax. Hard vegetable wax extracted from esparto grass, having a mp of 75 C and the abiliry to blend well, emulsify easily, and impart smoothness to products using it Ref CondChemDict (1961), 449-L... 

Another method of producing the same effect— claimed aIbo in the same patent—consists in adding to the gutta-percha and its compounds when passing through the masticating machine, and whether they are mixed or not with orpiment or any other sulphide, about ten por cent, of vegetal wax or tallow. 

STEARONE. An aliphatic ketone, insoluble in water, stable to high temperatures, acids, and alkalies compatible with high-melting vegetable waxes, paraffins, and fatty acids incompatible with resins, polymers and organic solvents at room temperature but compatible with them at high temperature. 

Douglas fir bark is a ligno-cellulosic material, too, containing up to 20 percent cork, 20 percent amorphous tannin powders and 5 percent vegetable wax (carnauba type). As previously mentioned, the wax is extracted before use as an extender. The balance is dried and ground into powder form similar to particle size of furafil before use as an extender. Alder bark is dried and ground directly without further treatment and used as a filler. 

Plant waxes are concentrated on leaves and leaf sheaths and on fruit skins, or in some exceptional cases in the seeds of plants. Most vegetable waxes contain predominantly wax esters plus a variety of other lipid materials, which affect the degree of saturation and other properties of the wax derived from different sources. Most use has been made of plant waxes in the cosmetic sector, but there is increasing interest in the use of plant-derived sterols as dietary supplements to reduce cholesterol formation. 

BUBBLE BATH BASE - Water (Aqua), Cocoamidopropylbetaine (coconut foaming agent) Hydroxyethyleellulose (vegetable wax) and Methyldibromoglutaronitrile Plenoxyethanol (preservative)... 

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