Vegetable oils exhaust emissions

EXPOSURE ROUTES inhalation ingestion cigarette smoke condensate automobile exhaust soot emissions from coal and gas works and electric plants aromatic fraction of mineral oil commercial solvents, waxes, petrolatum, creosote, coal tar, petroleum asphalt, coal tar pitch charcoal broiled barbecued, or smoke meats and fish certain vegetables and vegetable oils coffee... 

Table 4.24 shows operational emission values for benzene, toluene, xylene and phenol, as measured in one aluminium green sand foundry. Measurements were performed both at the shake-out grate and in the exhaust-air stack. Data are given for the traditional cold-box system and for one using vegetable-oil based solvents. A clear reduction in BTX and C-emissions is observed (25 - 50 % of stack emissions). 

Fatty acid stmcture (composition and imsaturation degree) of vegetable oils used as feedstocks considerably affect the physical properties of biodiesel such as viscosity, cold flow properties, oxidation stability and exhaust emission profile (Knothe 2008). Even, there are many successful attempts to predict the biodiesel properties from the fatty acid composition of the plant oils. Fatty acid distribution of some common vegetable oils is given in Table 2. Higher saturated fatty acid based biodiesel has higher viscosity, cold flow temperatures, oxidation stability and calorific value while higher imsaturated fatty acid based biodiesel shows a combination of improved fuel properties as a whole (Knothe 2005 Ramos 2009 Kumar 2013). 

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