Vasoactive peptides atrial natriuretic peptide

ANF atrial natriuretic peptide CGRP calcitonin gene-related peptide VIP vasoactive intestinal peptide... 

The expression of the ET-1 gene is increased by growth factors and cytokines, including transforming growth factor-B (TGF-B) and interleukin 1 (IL-1), vasoactive substances including angiotensin II and vasopressin, and mechanical stress. Expression is inhibited by nitric oxide, prostacyclin, and atrial natriuretic peptide. 

Contractile elements of the podocyte foot processes, which may influence the hydraulic permeability of the glomerular capillary wall, may be regulated via vasoactive hormones. Receptors for some vasoactive hormones, for example, en-dothelin (R4), atrial natriuretic peptide (S9), nitric oxide (K22), and angiotensin n (Yl), have been described on the podocyte surface. 

Hosli, L., Hosli, E., Kaeser, H. Lefkovits, M. (1992) Colocalization of receptors for vasoactive peptides on astrocytes of cultured rat spinal cord and brain stem electrophysiological effects of atrial and brain natriuretic peptide, neuropeptide Y and bradykinin. Neurosci. Lett. 148, 114-116. 

A. Classification and Prototypes Vasoactive peptides comprise a large class of endogenous substances that function as neurotransmitters as well as local and systemic hormones. The better-known peptides include angiotensin, bradykinin, atrial natriuretic peptide, endothelin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, vasopressin, glucagon, and several opioid peptides. Vasopressin is discussed in Chapters 15 and 37, the opioid peptides in Chapter 31, and glucagon in Chapter 41. The peptides discussed in this chapter and their effects are summarized in Table 17-1. 

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