Vasoactive hormones

Contractile elements of the podocyte foot processes, which may influence the hydraulic permeability of the glomerular capillary wall, may be regulated via vasoactive hormones. Receptors for some vasoactive hormones, for example, en-dothelin (R4), atrial natriuretic peptide (S9), nitric oxide (K22), and angiotensin n (Yl), have been described on the podocyte surface. 

Vasoactive hormones can influence the contractility and the structure of podocyte foot processes. An increase of intracellular calcium and cAMP in podocytes leads to contraction of foot processes and a decrease of Kf, whereas an increase of cGMP can act in the opposite direction (S9). Vasoactive hormones can also change the charge on the podocyte surface and so facilitate proteinuria (P2). 

Slaughter, M. R., J. M. Birmingham, B. Patel, G. A. Whelan, A. J. Krebs-Brown, P. D. Hockings, and J. A. Osborne. 2002. Extended acclimatization is required to eliminate effects of periodic blood-sampling procedures on vasoactive hormones and blood volume in beagle dogs. Laboratory Animals 36 403-410. 

Vane JR (1969) The release and fate of vasoactive hormones in the circulation the second Gaddum Memorial lecture. Br J Pharmacol 35 209-242... 

Melmon, K. L., Bourne, H. R., Weinstein, Y., Shearer, G. M., Kram, J., and Bauminger, S., 1974, Hemolytic plaque formation by leukocytes in vitro—control by vasoactive hormones, J. Clin. Invest. 53 13-21. 

The tissue-specific local conditions, reactivity to vasoactive hormones, and autonomic innervation will therefore determine how each vascular bed reacts to... 

Mullane, K. M., Moncada, S., 1980 Prostacyclin release and the modulation of some vasoactive hormones. Prostaglandins 20, 25-49. 

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