Vapor problems

Most combustible liquids do not present a vapor problem if accidentally released into the atmosphere. The probability of a fire, therefore, is considerably less than it would be if the spill was of a flammable material. If, however, the combustible liquid is at a temperature higher than its flashpoint, then it can be expected to behave in the identical manner a flammable liquid. One major difference between the two in a fire situation is that the potential exists for cooling the combustible liquid below its flash point by the proper application of water (generally applied in the form of water spray). In the event the liquid is burning, and if the fire forces are successful in achieving the required reduction in liquid temperature, then vapor production will cease and the fire will be extinguished because of a lack of vapor fuel. Unless this reduction in liquid temperature can be brought about, the fire will necessitate the same control considerations a low-flash liquid fire would. 

Enthalpy-concentration charts help make vaporization problems easy to solve. According to the phase rule f = C — 9 + 2, and for a binary mixture of two phases without reaction, C = 2, = 2, and F = 2. If the pressure is fixed at some value, only one more intensive... 

Green diesel has the same boiling range as a mineral one. This prevents vaporization problems in the combustion chamber and it does not impact on the boiling point specification in case of blending with mineral diesel fuel. 

In contrast to flammable liquids, an emergency situation that involves a combustible liquid 1 have a much different behavior. The expected behavior of a combustible product would be for the liquid to present no significant vapor problem, a fire to be readily extinguished by cooling the liquid with water, and the atmosphere above the liquid level to be below the LEL of any confined product. 

Disburbances such as condensed-phase interferences are more severe because of the desolvation and vaporization problems. 

The preparation of a Li-Ni alloy is exceedingly difficult owing to vaporization problems. The theory has been tested by vaporizing Liz O onto the growing NiO as Ni was oxidized. A decrease in oxidation rate was observed. (20)... 

Among the early approaches to the vaporization problem was the proposal by Beuhler and co-workers [1] that the vaporization/decomposition ratio could be substantially increased by rapid heating of the sample. Dell et al. showed that, by minimizing the distance between the vaporization and ionization sites through the use of a special in-beam probe, significant improvements in the electron ionization (El) spectra of thermally labile compounds could be obtained [2]. Baldwin and McLafferty observed a similar enhancement when samples were introduced directly into the plasma within a chemical ionization (Cl) source [3], The logical combination of both rapid heating and in-beam techniques quickly followed, and heatable in-beam probes became commercially available for most spectrometers at relatively low cost. 

The third option is to use preflash so that vaporized feed is routed to a preflash drum. The drum bottom liquid is then sent to the feed furnace, while the drum vapor is sent to the top section of the distillation column. This option alone can completely resolve the vaporization problem and allow energy modifications to be implemented. The payback for this option would be less than 1 year if the benefit of using the cheap crude is also included. 

Flammable gases and vapor problems in pneumatic conveyors Waste disposal and air pollution problems Vtqmr cloud jnroblems... 

Calculation methods are just like those in vaporization problems. 

Most combustible liquids do not present a vapor problem if accidentally released into the atmosphere. The probability of a fire, therefore, is considerably less than it would be if the spill was of a flammable material. If, however, the combustible liquid is at a temperature higher... 

Water vaporization problem must be avoided, if membrane-based cells are used. 

One aspect of the calculation procedure needs to be considered at the very beginning of any calculation. The vapor-Uquid equilibrium behavior in the flash vaporization problem specification must he such that the system is neither a suhcooled liquid nor a superheated vapor. To check that the system has hoth phases present, calculate / (W, /lVy) for two cases (WJW ) = 0 and WJW = 1. For a correctly specified system, /(lVft//Iky) will he positive in the first case and negative in the second case (King, 1980, p. 75). 

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