Vapor-grown carbon fibers VGCF

Vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF) is the descriptive name of a class of carbon fiber which is distinctively different from other types of carbon fiber in its method of production, its unique physical characteristics, and the prospect of low cost fabrication. Simply stated, this type of carbon fiber is synthesized from the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons or carbon monoxide in the gaseous state, in the presence of a catalyst in contrast to a melt-spinning process common to other types of carbon fiber. 

Endo M, Kim YA, Hayashi T, Nishimura K, Matusita T, Miyashita K, Dresselhaus MS (2001) Vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCFs) - Basic properties and their battery applications. Carbon 39 1287-1297. 

Endo, M. Kim, Y.A. Hayashi, T. Nishimura, K. Matushita, T. Miyashita, K. Dresselhaus, M.S. Vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCFs) basic properties and battery application. Carbon 2001, 39 (9), 1287-1297. 

Endo, M., Kim, Y.A., Matusita, T., and Hayashi, T. (2001). From vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCFs) to carbon nanotubes. In Carbon Filaments and Nanotubes Common Origins, Differing Applications (L.P. Biro, C.A. Bernardo, G.G. Tibbetts, and Ph. Lambin, eds). Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 51—61. 

Kim et at deposited nano-thin PPy films on the vapor grown carbon fibers (VGCF) by using an in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of the monomer in the presence of FeCl oxidant by means of an ultrasonic... 

VAPOR-GROWN CARBON FIBERS (VGCF) AND CATALYTIC CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITED (CCVD) FILAMENTS... 

The term vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF) is an International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (lUPAC) recommendation and Tibbetts [1] believes that this term has won general acceptance for the class of material where a carbonaceous gas, in the presence of a small metal particle acting as a catalyst, forms a carbon filament. However, Dresselhaus and co-authors [2] use the term CCVD filament in their book, which stands for catalytic chemical vapor deposition and is certainly more descriptive of their mode of preparation, but is, unfortunately, not the generally accepted term. 

FIGURE 1.15 002 and 10 lattice fringes in vapor-grown carbon fiber (VGCF) simultaneously resolved by TEM Philips EM300. (Erom M. Endo, A. Oberlin, and T. Koyama. High resolution electron microscopy of graphitizable carbon fiber prepared by benzene decomposition. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 9,1519-1523 (1977). With permission.)... 

Tibbetts et al. showed that oxidative pretreatment of vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCF) can reduce the capacity of SEI forming in LiClOyPC electrolyte by an order of magnitude. Their experiments confirm the idea that air etching removes the more active carbon atoms — those capable of decomposing the electrolyte — and completely alters the fiber morphology. 

The crystal structure of PVDF is responsible for the piezoelectric properties, which can be modified by enhancing crystallization (especially the fl-phase content). The increase in open circuit voltage and P-phase content were confirmed by the addition of 0.05 wt% of vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCFs) and MWCNTs, which is due to the increase in the fl-phase in the composite that enhances the piezoelectric properties (Wu et al., 2014). PVDF piezoelectricity can be doubled with the addition of the thermal reduction of GO (Rahman et al., 2013) because of the interaction between PVDF chains and the functional groups of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). 

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