Valerian oil

Present in citronella and valerian oils, tur penline, ginger, rosemary and spike oils. It is produced artificially by the elimination of hydrogen chloride from bornyl chloride (artifi cial camphor) or from isobornyl chloride, by the dehydrogenation of borneol and isobor-neol and by the action of elhanoic anhydride on bornylamine. Chiral. 

Valerian oil is. rnployed to a cousiderable extent oil the centinent as a popular remedy for eliolera, in the foriii of cboliiia drops, and also to a certaiD extent in soap perfumenv... 

Baldrian, m. valerian. ather, m. valeric ester, specif, ethyl valerate, -ol, n. valerian oil. salz, n. valerate, -skure, /. valeric acid, -wurzel, /. valerian root, valerian. 

Valerian-Sl, n. valerian oil. -sSure, /. valeric acid, valerianic acid. -sMureamylather, m. amyl valerate. -sSuresalz, n. salt of valeric acid, valerate. 

Valanone B 69 (+)-Valencene 49, 69 Valerian oil 223 Vanilla extract 134, 223 Vanillin 134, 178, 213, 223 Vanoris 19 Veloutone 84 Velvione 88 Veramoss 141 Veratraldehyde 136 Verbenone 216 Verdantiol 125... 

Valerian oil is obtained by steam distillation of well-dried ground roots of Valeriana officinalis L. (Valerianaceae). It is a yellow-green to yellow-brown liquid with an extremely strong, characteristic, penetrating odor. The oil becomes dark and viscous on aging or on exposure to air. 

Valerian oil is produced in limited quantities and is used in flavor and fragrance compositions only in very low dosages to create certain effects, [8008-88-6]. 

Camphene is a solid terpene. The dextro variety d-camphene is found in camphor, ginger and spike oils, and the levo variety, 1-camphene is in citrondla and valerian oil and in French and American turpentine. Bornylene does not occur in nature but has been prepared from the alcohol corresponding to it known as Borneol or Borneo camphor. This, as previously stated, may be prepared from pinene so that Bornylene itself may be made from pinene. Fenchene, also, is not found in nature but is obtained by reduction of fenchone a terpene ketone found in fennel oil and in Thuja oil. 

Camphene (Figure 6.4) occurs in nature as a constituent of several plant oils (turpentine, cypress, camphor, citronella, neroh, ginger, valerian oil). It can also... 

Valeranone (197) which is present in valerian oil and has a non-isoprenoid carbon skeleton has been described as an odorless compound (595). It has been reported that the sesquiterpene (3-selinene (198), a constituent of the essential oil from fresh celery, reproduces the characteristic odor of the latter 702). 

SooD, V. K. Isolation of India Valerian Oil from Valeriana wallichii Roots and Rhizomes. Perf. Essent. Oil Rec. 56, 656 (1965) Chem. Abstr. 64, 4 857h (1966). 

Witek S, Krepinsky J 1966 Terpenes. CLXXVII. The composition of valerian oil Valeriana officinalis). Collect Czech Chem Commun 31 1113-1123... 

Valerian oil is employed to a considerable extent on the continent as a popular remedy for cholera, in the form of cholera drops, and also to a certain extent in soap perfumery. 

Valerian oil has been reported to be the least toxic among numerous conunon volatile oils tested orally in rats. Common valerian preparations are considered safe despite the known in vitro cytotoxic activity of valepotriates, as these compounds degrade easily, are absent from most products, and are poorly absorbed via oral administration. Acute side effects are not common (escop 1), but certain germ cell toxicity in mice (testicular chromosomal aberrations and sperma-tozoan abnormalities) have recently been reported. ... 

The occurrence of the gentiobioside of the (-f) nitrile in the fruits of Prunus laurocerasus, and of the glucoside of the dl nitrile in the leaves of the same plant, is suggested by Kuhn to be most probably a reflection of greater solubility differences between the gentiobioside diastereoisomerides than between those of the glucoside. One is tempted to speculate whether a similar reason may underlie the occurrence of (+)- and (—)-pinene in different parts of one and the same plant, and the occurrence of both (—)- and d -borneol in valerian oil (128). 

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