Vaginal swab

Vaginal material is best submitted as liquid in a tube, although swabs submitted in a small amount of saline may be used. A drop of the material is covered with a cover slip and examined with reduced light. To culture, 1 or 2 drops of urine sediment or vaginal exudate are inoculated into tubes of warmed, modified Diamond medium. If vaginal swabs are submitted, the swab is immersed in the medium and pressed against the side of the tube to express material. Tubes are incubated at 35°C, and drops of culture are examined by wet mount at 48 and 72 h for motile trophozoites. 

Handlin f of females for ovarian cycle monitorinjy Animals are run through a catch tunnel system and vaginal swabs are collected daily. After 2 weeks the animals are familiar with the procedure and many females present their genital region voluntarily once they are separated. 

Monitoring of pregnancy (see Note 5) Vaginal swabs are taken daily to detect abortion bleeding ultrasound examinations are performed on gestation day (GD) 30, 44, 58, 72, 86, 100, 114, 128, 142, and 156 1, and then every third or fourth day until delivery. 

Y-chromosome polymorphic loci can be used as identifying loci found only in males. In this way, the male-speci c DNA obtained from a vaginal swab can be typed without the usual differential extraction in which the DNA from... 

Hook EW III, Smith K, Mullen C, Stephens J, Rine-hardt L, Pate MS, et al. Diagnosis of genitourinary Chlamydia trachomatis infections by using the ligase chain reaction on patient-obtained vaginal swabs. 

An interesting approach reported for obtaining purified male and female fractions on microdevices involves acoustic differential extraction (ADE) and exploits microacoustic transducer developments (see Chapter 44 by Laurell for details). This method involves the elution of biological material from the vaginal swab under mild lysis conditions, resulting in a mixture of sperm cells and epithelial cell lysate. The sample is then infused in the microdevice, and sperm cells trapped in a monolayer above an ultrasonic transducer while free DNA (from the lysed epithelial cells) flows through the system unretained. Flow of the epithelial cell lysate is directed to the outlet reservoir... 

MALDI-TOF MS identification has also been reported [58], Such applications substituting the additional growth on agar plates accelerate the detection of particular microorganisms. They could also be envisioned for other samples and bacteria, for example. Streptococcus agalactiae from vaginal swabs or Listeria spp. and Campylobacter spp. from food samples. 

Preterm labor. Onset of labor prior to 37 weeks gestation. Croup B Streptococcus. Diagnosed by positive culture on vaginal or rectal swab. 

Samples. Primate sera were obtained from the Yerkes Primate Center (Atlanta, GA). Human milk, saliva, and urine were obtained from donors and frozen at —70 °C within 15 min of receipt. Vaginal secretions were obtained on sterile swabs during routine pelvic examinations. Human kidney, liver, and pancreas were obtained from cadavers within 6 h of death and homogenized in carbonate-bicarbonate buffer (pH 9.2) in a Precision Scientific tissue homogenizer. The homogenates were centrifuged for 10 min at 500 X g to pellet particulate material, and the soluble proteins were precipitated with cold acetone at a 10 1 ratio. A pellet of the precipitated proteins was obtained after 10 min of centrifugation at 500 X g and was resuspended in carbonate-bicarbonate buffer. 

In practice, a swab of vaginal discharge fluid is collected by the gynecologist during a routine visit or after complaints by the patient and placed in a vial and capped. The addition of an alkaline solution to the sample enhances the volatilization of amines even at room temperature, and headspace vapors containing volatile amines, if present, may be transferred to an IMS analyzer for quantitative determination. After about 10 s, the swab can be heated rapidly, and in some cases also treated with a few drops of a dilute acid solution, and headspace vapors can be sampled for other... 

Withdraw the swab carefully avoid any contact with the vaginal mucosa. 

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