Vaccinium species

Bomser, J. et al., In vitro anticancer activity of fruit extracts from Vaccinium species, Planta Med, 62, 212, 1996. 

Hakkinen S H and Torronen A R (2000), Content of flavonols and selected phenolic acids in strawberries and vaccinium species influence of cultivar, cultivation site and technique , Food Res Int, 33, 517-524. 

Prior RL, Cao G, Martin A, Sofic E, McEwen J, OBrien C, Lischner N, Ehlenfeldt M, Kalt W, Krewer G and Mainland CM. 1998. Antioxidant capacity as influenced by total phenolic and anthocyanidin content, maturity, and variety of Vaccinium species. J Agric Food chem. 46 2686-2693. 

O. Sticher and F. Soldati, HPLC separation and quantitative determination of arbutin, meth-ylarbutin, hydroquinone and hydroquinonemonomethyl aether in Arctostaphylos, Bergenia, Calluna and Vaccinium species, Planta Med., 35, 253, 1979. 

Prior, R.L., Cao, G., Martin, A., Sofic, E., McEwen, J., O Brien, C., Lischner, N., Ehlenfeldt, M., Kalt, W., Krewer, G., and Mainland, C.M., Antioxidant capacity as influenced by total phenolic and anthocyanin content, maturity, and variety of vaccinium species, J. Agric. Food Chem., 46, 2686-2693, 1998. 

The grossly different values for the two closely related Vaccinium species which usually do not occur next to each other hence are probably results of different metal acquisition strategies rather than due to the competitive exclusion principle both plant species differ in spatial distribution rather than in take-up of resources (for example, both are rich in manganese while the differences can be seen in pairs of other metals). 

Crude extracts of anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin fractions from fruit extracts of four Vaccinium species (low-bush blueberry, bilberry, cranberry, and lingonberry) were not highly active in quinone reductase (QR) induction, whereas the ethyl acetate extracts were active QR inducers. Further fractionation of the bilberry ethyl acetate extract... 

---