Urogenital

AR Xq11-q12 ca. 919 aa (see text) 5a- D i h yd rotestoste ro n e (DHT), testosterone (T) AGAACA Prostate, male urogenital system, muscle... 

The expression of TRPVl in the bladder is, however, not restricted to afferent nerves urothelium, detrusor muscle and fibroblasts also express TRPVl in the human bladder [140]. The implication of these findings for intravesical vanilloid therapy is unclear [141], but the increase in TRPVl immunoreactivity in the urothelium in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity (that occurs in concert with increased TRPVl in bladder af-ferents) is a very intriguing finding [142]. In the male urogenital system, TRPVl is also present in testicles, prostate and scrotal skin [143], and it was postulated that TRPVl ligands may be beneficial in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia [144]. 

Prostate An organ in the urogenital tract that surrounds the urethra at the base of the urinary bladder. Prostatic secretions are secreted into the urethra and become part of the ejaculate in males. 

Fahim MS, Khare NK. 1980. Effects of subtoxic levels of lead and cadmium on urogenital organs of male rats. Arch Androl 4 357. 

Menopause is the permanent cessation of menses following the loss of ovarian follicular activity. Perimenopause is the period immediately prior to the menopause and the first year after menopause. Indications of postmenopausal hormone therapy include the short-term treatment of menopausal symptoms (i.e., hot flushes, night sweats, and urogenital atrophy). 

Other symptoms include vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, urogenital atrophy, sleep disturbances, sexual dysfunction, and impaired concentration and memory. 

Robinson and Cardozo (2003) concluded saying that the long-term effects of SERMs on the urogenital tract remain to be determined, and there are few data on the effects of these drugs on UI and urogenital atrophy. 

Local treatment should be offered to all women, especially those not receiving hormone treatment. Urogenital atrophy and vaginal dryness is frequent, but women have difficulties in expressing these symptoms, which is why the clinician should address this issue systematically. 

Reliable correlations were found between lead concentrations in the soil and the incidence rates in the population of Dnepropetrovsk. In the adults, the pollution levels were associated with complications in pregnancy and delivery, diseases of urogenital, nervous and bone-and-muscular system, blood problems and tumors. In the children, the blood, blood forming organs, respiratory system and the muscles and bones were most frequently affected. 

Various carboxylic acid salts have also been reported. Gallardo35 produced the maleate salt of neomycin which, it was claimed, improved the aqueous stability of the antibiotic. A practically tasteless compound, the citrate salt,has been described by Szyszka3 . Neomycin mandelate has been claimed to be particularly useful in the treatment of urogenital infections3 while the di-hydroxy-dinaphthylmethane-dicarboxylate4(3 and the pamoate salts43,67,68 have a low intestinal absorption and are thus effective treatments for intestinal infections. 

Anuria Diarrhea Polyuria Urogenital Region An absence of or sharp decline in urine excretion. An abnormal frequency and liquidity of fecal discharge. An abnormally sharp increase in the amount of urine excretion. 

Rius, M., Thon, W.F., Keppler, D. and Nies, A.T. (2005) Prostanoid transport by multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4/ ABCC4) localized in tissues of the human urogenital tract. The Journal of Urology, 174, 2409-2414. 

After 24-h exposure to 0.1 ppm PCP, goldfish(av. 70 g) were transferred into the urine collecting apparatus and a catheter inserted Into the urinary bladder from the urogenital cavity. Approximately 13 ml of urine was collected from each fish for 24 h. The urine collected from 14 fish was pooled and used for the determination of PCP. 

The amounts of PCP excreted from the branchial, renal and biliary routes corresponded to approximately 52, 24 and 22 % of the whole amount of PCP excreted by the fish, respectively. On the other hand, the amount of PCP in the water of compartment(B), which may be due to excretion from the body surface and leak of urine from the urogenital cavity, was negligibly small compared with those excreted from the above three routes. 

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