Urinary tract disorders incontinence

Many medications can influence the lower urinary tract, including those not used for managing genitourinary disorders, and can precipitate new onset or aggravate existing voiding dysfunction and urinary incontinence. 

Ocular adverse events, including accidental injury, angina pectoris, anxiety, arthritis, back pain, bradycardia, bronchitis, chest pain, cold syndrome, depression, dyspepsia, gastrointestinal disorder, headache, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, hypotension, infection, pain, prostate disorder, sinusitis, urinary incontinence, and urinary tract infection, occur rarely. 

Flavoxate is a urinary tract and spasmodic/alicalinizer, which counteracts smooth-muscle spasms of urinary tract. It is indicated in symptomatic relief of dysuria, urgency, nocturia, suprapubic pain, frequency and incontinence associated with cystitis, prostatitis, urethritis, urethrocysti-tis/urethrotrigonitis. Flavoxate, a flavone derivative and urinary tract spasmolytic (100 to 200 mg p.o. t.i.d.), is used in the symptomatic relief of dysuria, frequency, urgency, nocturia, incontinence, and suprapubic pain associated with urologic, disorders. 

Any attempt to make the important distinction between monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis and incontinence based on the patient s history and clinical symptoms alone may fail and occult underlying functional disorders of the lower urinary tract may be overlooked. This may contribute to the different rates of success for a heterogeneous spectrum of therapeutic measures in different studies and may contribute to different statements regarding prognosis and associated disorders of enuresis. 

Detailed discussions focus on the management of common problems in pediatric uroradiology such as urinary tract infection, vesicoureteric reflux and functional disorders of the lower urinary tract including enuresis and incontinence. 

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