Uracil nucleotides

Kl. Keppler, D., Rudigier, J., and Decker, K., Enzymic determination of uracil nucleotides in tissues. Anal. Biochem. 38, 105-114 (1970). 

Mertes investigated the coupling of the 5-mercuriuridines with styrenes in aqueous media resulting in alkylation of the uracil nucleotides. Carbon alkylation of C-5 on the uracil ring in the ribo- and deoxyri-bonucleosides and nucleotides was obtained in high yields by this method. A similar reaction was used by Langer et al. in the synthesis of 5-(3-amino)allyluridine and deoxyuridine-5 -triphosphates (AA-UTP and AA-dUTP) (6.12) ... 

Uridine Diphosphate A uracil nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C5 of the sugar moiety, [nih]... 

Analogs of the natural deoxynucleoside triphosphates can be used for DNA synthesis, both in vivo and in vitro, but substitution of unnatural for natural deoxynucleotide must conform with the requirements for base-pairing in the Watson-Crick model of DNA. Thus with the purified enzyme system, thymine could be replaced by uracil or 5-bromouracil, 5-methyl- and 5-bromocytosine for cytosine, and hypoxanthine for guanine ( 6). Although chemically synthesized deoxyuridine triphosphate can be incorporated into DNA, there is apparently no kinase in nature which phosphorylates deoxyuridylate to the triphosphate stage. This may account for the absence of uracil nucleotides in DNA ( 6). 

Uridine, uracil nucleoside, is obtained from uracil nucleotide, which occurs along with cytosine nucleotide in yeast-nucleic acid. 

Any one nucleotide, the basic building block of a nucleic acid, is derived from a molecule of phosphoric acid, a molecule of a sugar (either deoxyribose or ribose), and a molecule of one of five nitrogen compounds (bases) cytosine (C), thymine (T), adenine (A), guanine (G), uracil (U). 

Uracil reacts with hydrazine to give pyrazol-3(2if)-one (944) and urea N-methyl- and dimethyl-hydrazine behave similarly to give the 2-methyl- and 1,2-dimethyl derivatives. The reactions of hydrazines with uridine and related nucleosides and nucleotides is well studied (67JCS(C)1528). The tautomerism and predominant form of uracil are discussed in Section 2.13.1.8.4. 

Uracil, uridine and uridine nucleotides. Resolved by ion-exchange chromatography AGl (Cl form). [Lindsay et al. Anal Biochem 24 506 7968.]... 

Another property of pyrimidines and purines is their strong absorbance of ultraviolet (UV) light, which is also a consequence of the aromaticity of their heterocyclic ring structures. Figure 11.8 shows characteristic absorption spectra of several of the common bases of nucleic acids—adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine—in their nucleotide forms AMP, UMP, CMP, and GMP (see Section 11.4). This property is particularly useful in quantitative and qualitative analysis of nucleotides and nucleic acids. 

Posttranslational modification of preformed polynucleotides can generate additional bases such as pseudouridine, in which D-ribose is linked to C-5 of uracil by a carbon-to-carbon bond rather than by a P-N-glycosidic bond. The nucleotide pseudouridylic acid T arises by rearrangement of UMP of a preformed tRNA. Similarly, methylation by S-adenosylmethionine of a UMP of preformed tRNA forms TMP (thymidine monophosphate), which contains ribose rather than de-oxyribose. 

The UMP nucleotide contains uracil, ribose, and one phosphate group. The structure of uracil and the hydrogen eliminated during the condensation appear in Figure 13-22. Here are the component parts, drawn in position to eliminate water molecules and link ... 

Nucleotides can be linked together into oligonucleotides through a phosphate bridge at the 5 position of one ribose unit and the 3 position of another. The purine bases, adenine and guanine, have two heterocyclic rings, while the pyrimidines cytosine, thymine, and uracil have one. The structure of adenosine monophosphate is shown in Figure 11. 

Ozonolysis of organic compounds in water also has biological and environmental93 interest. Ozone preferentially attacks the base moiety of pyrimidine nucleotides in water.94 For example, the reaction of ozone with uracil in water, having no substitutent at 1-position, gave the ozonolysis products in Scheme 3.6.95 The reactions of DNA and RNA with O3 in an aqueous environment are linked to the damage of... 

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